Weight managment

Question 1

define the following

1. overweight
2. obesity
3. body composition
   
   1. four body compartments

Answer 1

1. overweight
   
   1. body weight that is above a population weight-for-height standard
2. obesity
   
   1. the relative excess amount of fat in the toal body composition
   2. BMI of 30 orgreater
3. body composition
   
   1. the relative sizes of the four body compartments that make up the total body
      
      1. lean body mass (muscle mass)
      2. fat
      3. water
      4. bone

Question 2

what are the contributing factors to increased obesity in the US?

Answer 2

1. personal
2. physical
3. psychological
4. genetic

Question 3

which two measurements are used to closely associate the health risk from excess body fat?

Answer 3

1. BMI
   
   1. normal = 18.5-25.9
   2. overweight = 25-29.9
   3. obese = >30

Question 4

claculate the BMI of a this following person

• 200lbs
• 6’ 2”

Answer 4

(weight (lb)/ Height(in)^2)703

200/5476 (703) = 25.7

he is slightly overweight

Question 5

Proveide the healthy weight loss rate per week

Answer 5

1/2 lb to 1lb per week

Question 6

calculate using the hamwi method for men and women

Answer 6

Ideal weight based on height

1. male
   
   1. 106lb for first 5 feet 6 lb for each additional in

100 lb for first 5 feet and 5lb for each additional inch

Question 7

indicate what hormones control the eating behavior

Answer 7

1. leptin
   
   1. supposed to control satiety
      
      1. increased adiposity causes leptin reisistance->leads to low adiponectin realease
2. ghrelin
   
   1. enteric peptide stimulates appertit
      
      1. promotes adiposity

Question 8

what hormone promotes adiposity?

Answer 8

ghrelin promotes adiposity (obesity)

Question 9

how does adiposity affect leptin?

Answer 9

increased adiposity causes leptin resistance

• leads to low adiponectin release
• decrease adiponectin contributes to insulin resistance

seen in metabolic syndrome

Question 10

what is the function or Orlisatat?

Answer 10

inhibits dietary fat absorption

Question 11

what is dumping syndrome?

Answer 11

quick emptying of the stomach of a hyperosmolar content in to the small intestine, causing fluid into the intestinal lumen from the intravascular compoartment

Question 12

what are 5 sound wright management dietayr principles

1. realistic goal
2. negative energy balance
3. nutritional adequacy
4. cultural appeal
5. energy readjustment to maintain weight

Answer 12

1. realistic goal
   
   1. 1/2 -1lb a week = 500kcal/day reduction
2. negative energy blalce
   
   1. 500-1000kcal/day should be achieved through reduced energy in and increased energy out
3. nutritional adequacy
   
   1. choose nutrient dense foods
4. cultural appeal
   
   1. to allow permanent change in habits
5. energy readjustment to maintain weight
   
   1. when desired weight is reached, the kcal level should be adjusted to fit the maintenance needs

Question 13

define the three most common disordered eating habits

Answer 13

1. anorexia nervosa
   
   1. results in self-imposed starvation
2. bulimia nervosa
   
   1. binge and purge cycle
3. binge eating
   
   1. often follows stress or anxiety

all have significant influence on mortality rates