Weight And Balance Flashcards
Why is control of the weight and balance of an aircraft important
For safety and efficiency
What is meant by tare weight
chocks and other items that are used to hold the aircraft on the scales.
What must be done with tare weight when an aircraft is weighed?
subtracted from the scale reading to find the weight of aircraft
If the aircraft is loaded so that the aft C.G limit is exceeded what undesirable flight characteristic is likely to result?
The aircraft will be tail-heavy and may be unable to recover from a stall or spin
If records from an aircraft is missing how would you determine the empty weight and empty weight C.G?
The aircraft has to be weighed and new weight and balance records have to be done
Where do you find the leveling means that are specified for a particular aircraft
Type certificate data sheet for the aircraft
What is included in the empty weight of an aircraft?
Airframe, engines, all operating equipment, usable fuel, engine lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids, fixed ballast, full reservoirs, and any equipment that is permanently installed in the aircraft.
What is the datum of an aircraft and what is its function?
A reference line given by the manufacturer measured in inches to locate items or points in the aircraft
What is moment and how do you find the moment of an item installed in an aircraft?
is a force that try’s to cause rotation.
its found by multiply the weight by its arm
What are two ways to determine the arm of an item of equipment
Measure the distance between the item and the datum, or use data supplied by manufacturer
How do you determine the moment of an item of equipment.
Multiply by its arm, which is the distance between the item and the datum
What should be done to obtain a positive (plus) moment aft of the datum?
Add weight
Is there a federal regulation required that all private aircraft be reweighed periodically
No
What should be done to obtain a negative (minus) moment aft of the datum?
Remove weight
How does the category of an aircraft affect it’s loaded weight?
May have two different maximum gross weights and different useful loads
As you prepare an aircraft for weighing you determine that there is equipment aboard that is not permanently installed and recorded on the equipment list. What should you do with the equipment.
It all should be removed from the aircraft
What is meant by the maximum zero fuel weight of an aircraft?
The maximum allowable weight of a loaded aircraft with out fuel
Define “residual fuel”
Any fuel that can’t be drained and stays in the system
Define “residual oil”
Any oil left in the tanks after draining, tanks, lines, and engines,
Define Mean Aerodynamic Chord or MAC
Is the chord drawn through the center of the wing plan area
Describe two most common ways of showing the C.G. Location and or C.G. range.
In inches from the datum or in percent of MAC
What is the purpose of an aircraft loading graph
determines how to distribute the load to keep the C.G. within allowable limits
What is ballast, and why would you use it in an airplane?
Ballets is weight added to an airplane it brings the C.G. Into allowable range.
Installation of several new radios in the nose of an aircraft causes the forward C.G. Limit to be exceeded. How can you correct this problem without removing the new equipment
Ballast may be installed in the tail to move the C.G. Aft
How does the C.G. Range of a helicopter compare to that of a fixed-wing airplane?
Helicopters typically have a smaller C.G. range.
Where are leveling instructions found, and describe one method of leveling an aircraft
found in the type certificate data sheet.
leveled by using a spirt level at specific points
How should you account for fuel when weighing an aircraft to determine weight and balance?
drain the fuel system until only unusable fuel remains, or fill the tank full and subtract out the weight of useable fuel.
When should an aircraft be reweighed
After repairs or alterations that change its weight or center of gravity
What is minimum fuel and how is it calculated for weight and balance purposes
amount required to operate at maximum power for 30 minutes.
METO horsepower divided by 2
