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KNPE400 > Weeks 1 and 3: professionalism and scope of practice > Flashcards

Weeks 1 and 3: professionalism and scope of practice Flashcards

1
Q

What is a ‘competency’?

A

The observable ability of a person, integrating knowledge, skills, values and beliefs in their performance of tasks; durable, trainable and measurable

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2
Q

Activity

A

An area of work that encompasses groups of related tasks; time-limited, trainable and measurable

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3
Q

Components of competencies

A
  • Associated and relevant to all rehabilitation workers
  • Durable
  • Expressed as behaviours
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4
Q

Components of activities

A
  • Associated w a role, its requirements and the scope of practice of the rehabilitation worker
  • Begin and end
  • Encompass tasks
  • Relevant to some rehabilitation workers and not others
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5
Q

Example of competencies

A

Communicating effectively with family/caregiver, adopting rigorous approach to problem solving etc.

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6
Q

Example of activities

A

Gaining informed consent, documenting info, assessments/tools

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7
Q

Kinesiologist core competency profile entry to practice competencies: six domains

A
  1. Foundational knowledge
  2. Professional profile: assessment
  3. Professional practice: intervention
  4. Professional and ethical conduct
  5. Communication and collaboration
  6. Ongoing and professional development
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8
Q

Allied health

A

Umbrella term used to describe individuals who are trained to work individually or with others to support individuals to achieve optimal health

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9
Q

Association of schools advancing health professions (ASAHP) definition of allied health

A

Encompasses a broad group of health professionals who use specific scientific principles and evidence based practice for diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of acute and chronic diseases; promote disease prevention and wellness for optimum health and apply administration and management skills to support health care systems in a variety of settings

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10
Q

Is there an official definition of allied health in Canadian law?

A

No, but there is in U.S. federal law

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11
Q

Who are allied health professionals?

A

Non-nurse, non physician health care providers such as PTs, OTs, RTs, diagnostic medical personnel, imaging specialists, nutritionists and dieticians etc.

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12
Q

What do allied health professionals do?

A

Assessment, health promotion, provision of treatments and rehabilitation services
Help patients manage/overcome barriers related to disability

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13
Q

Who do allied health professionals work with?

A

Individually or as part of a multi-disciplinary team alongside physicians and nurses to provide access and effective care for patients

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14
Q

What are allied health professionals a core component of?

A

Patient centered care

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15
Q

Where do allied health professionals work?

A

Hospital, private practice, community care etc.

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16
Q

Three themes of professionalism

A
  1. Patient and patient-therapist relationship
  2. Knowledge, skills and practice
  3. Altruistic values
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17
Q

Theme 1: The patient and patient-therapist relationship

A
  • Understanding and treating the individual patient.
  • Placing the patient in the centre.
  • Having patient trust.
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18
Q

Theme 2: Knowledge, skills and practice

A
  1. Recognizing and addressing limitations.
  2. Having, mastering and updating skills and knowledge.
  3. Being part of a health care team.
  4. Being a good communicator.
  5. Practicing safely.
  6. Getting the job done.
  7. Having an evidence base;
  8. Being educators.
  9. Being professional.
  10. Respecting professional boundaries (i.e., boundaries between professions).
  11. Maintaining boundaries with patients.
  12. Having leadership.
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19
Q

Theme 3: Altruistic values

A
  • Honesty
  • Making a difference
  • Respecting patient’s cultures, backgrounds, values, rights, experiences, personal journeys and personal space.
  • “going the extra mile”
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20
Q

What is a therapeutic alliance?

A

The working relationship between the patient and therapist

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21
Q

What is the therapeutic alliance established by?

A

Established by collaboration, communication, therapist empathy and mutual respect

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22
Q

Benefits of a strong therapeutic alliance?

A

Positively influences treatment outcomes such as improvements in symptoms, health status and patient satisfaction with care

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23
Q

What can effective clinician-patient communication do?

A
  • support better history-taking, diagnoses and clinical decisions
  • increase a patient’s adherence to recommendations and follow ups
  • help patients self-manage a chronic condition
  • influence patients to adopt a preventive health behaviours
  • improve patient satisfaction and experience of care
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24
Q

Advantages to e-Professionalism

A
  • treating patients from a distance via telehealth/telerehab
  • social media helps like minded people communicate and share ideas
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25
Q

Disadvantages to e-Professionalism

A
  • professional boundaries and patient confidentiality
  • privacy, consent
  • changing health behaviours from googling symptoms, misinfo online
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26
Q

Role of regulatory colleges

A
  • protect public interest and enforce standards of practice
  • creates standards of practice to ensure safe, ethical and competent services to the public
  • ensures core principles, standards and relevant legislation are applied to practice
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27
Q

What is regulation?

A

Framework under which health professions are regulated
- supported by laws that give or limit rights and assign responsibilities
- sets out roles, rights and responsibilities of the government and regulatory agencies (colleges)

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28
Q

What makes a profession unregulated?

A
  • profession is not listed in RHPA
  • does not have college that protects public
  • individual does not have to be a member of a regulatory college to call themselves a member of that profession
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29
Q

Examples of unregulated professions

A
  • personal support workers
  • physician assistants
  • physiotherapy assistants
  • athletic therapists
  • nutritionist
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30
Q

Regulated health professions act (RHPA)

A

Legislative framework for regulating the scope of practice of health care professions in Ontario

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31
Q

What does the RHPA framework intend to do?

A
  • better protect and serve the public interest
  • be an accountable system of self governance
  • provide modern framework for work of health professionals
  • provide consumers w freedom of choice
  • provide mechanisms to improve quality of care
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32
Q

What practical rules for colleges does the health professions procedural code (HPPC) set out?

A
  • registering members
  • handling complaints
  • conducting investigations
  • funding for sexual abuse of members
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33
Q

Profession specific acts

A
  • establish each health profession’s college and its governing council
  • defines scope of practice
  • lists controlled acts
  • has health professions procedural code deemed to be part of them
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34
Q

What does each profession have under the RHPA?

A

Its own act, ie. Kinesiology act 2007

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35
Q

What is the scope of practice of a kinesiologist?

A

The practice of kinesiology is the assessment of human movement and performance and its rehabilitation and management to maintain, rehabilitate or enhance movement and performance

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36
Q

What does the Kinesiology act 2007 include?

A
  1. Health regulatory college
  2. Scope of practice
  3. Defines the restricted titles
  4. Controlled acts
  5. Representations of qualification
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37
Q

Kinesiology act 2007- define the restricted titles

A

No person other than a member shall use the title “kinesiologist”, a variation or abbreviation or an equivalent in another language

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38
Q

Kinesiology act 2007- controlled acts

A

Procedures or activities which may pose a risk to the public if not performed by a qualified professional

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39
Q

How many controlled acts can a registered kinesiologist perform?

A

0
But they can be delegated

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40
Q

Kinesiology act 2007- representations of qualification

A

No person other than a member shall hold themself out as a person who is qualified to practice in Ontario as a kinesiologist or in a specialty of kinesiology

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41
Q

Health professions regulatory advisory council

A

An independent body to the Minister of Health and Long-Term Care with a mandate to advise the Minster of a number of items related to the regulation of health professions

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42
Q

Health Professions Appeal and Review Boards

A

Independent third party with a mandate to review registration and complaints of the health regulatory College

43
Q

What is the concept of scope of practice?

A

What members of a profession are competent at doing and legally permitted to do in a given jurisdiction

44
Q

What is a personal scope of practice?

A

What that member is actually registered to do and feels competent to perform; can be narrow relative to the whole profession’s scope

45
Q

What may a personal scope of practice include?

A

Acts outside of usual legal scope for the profession ie. delegating acts

46
Q

Example of delegation outside of scope of practice for a PT

A

Screening MRI/CT scans for low back pain in chronic pain patients in a hospital
**must be a specific pop. in a specific location

47
Q

Registered kinesiologist modalities and services

A
  • electrical therapy techniques
  • general nutrition counselling
  • fitness and health eval and exercise prescription
  • athletic training, therapy and interventions
  • ergonomics
  • biomechanics
  • exercise phys
  • completion of insurance assessment forms
  • manual osteopathic techniques
48
Q

Purpose of a scope of practice

A

Protects public to ensure that care provided by practitioner is not beyond their skills and knowledge

49
Q

What does a scope of practice NOT do?

A

Prevent others from performing the same actvities

50
Q

Scope of practice of a physiotherapist

A

Assessment of neuromuscular, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems, the diagnosis of disease or disorders associated with physical dysfunction, injury or pain to develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment function and promote mobility

51
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice

A

Almost all healthcare professions have overlapping scopes of practice with regard to communicating w patients in distress, respecting their autonomy and gaining their consent for any assessment or treatment process

52
Q

Controlled acts

A

Procedures or activities which may pose a risk to the public if not performed by a qualified practitioner

53
Q

How many controlled acts are there?

A

14

54
Q

Controlled act #1

A

Communicating a diagnosis identifying a disease or disorder as the cause of symptoms of the individual in circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that the individual will rely on the diagnosis

55
Q

Controlled act #2

A

Performing a procedure on tissue:
- below the dermis
- below the surface of a mucous membrane
- below the surface of the cornea
- below the surfaces of the teeth, including the scaling of teeth

56
Q

Controlled act #3

A

Setting or casting a fracture of a bone or a dislocation of a joint

57
Q

Controlled act #4

A

Moving the joints of the spine beyond the individual’s usual physiological range of motion using a fast, low amplitude thrust

58
Q

Controlled act #5

A

Administering a substance by injection or inhalation

59
Q

Controlled act #6

A

Putting an instrument, hand or finger,
i. beyond the external ear canal,
ii. beyond the point in the nasal passages where they normally narrow,
iii. beyond the larynx,
iv. beyond the opening of the urethra,
v. beyond the labia majora,
vi. beyond the anal verge, or
vii. into an artificial opening into the body

60
Q

Controlled act #7

A

Applying or ordering the application of a form of energy prescribed by the regulations under this Act

61
Q

Controlled act #8

A

Prescribing, dispensing, selling or compounding a drug as defined in the Drug and Pharmacies Regulation Act, or supervising the part of a pharmacy where such drugs are kept

62
Q

Controlled act #9

A

Prescribing or dispensing, for vision or eye problems, subnormal vision devices, contact lenses or eye glasses other than simple magnifiers.

63
Q

Controlled act #10

A

Prescribing a hearing aid for a hearing impaired person

64
Q

Controlled act #11

A

Fitting or dispensing a dental prosthesis, orthodontic or periodontal appliance or a device used inside the mouth to protect teeth from abnormal functioning

65
Q

Controlled act #12

A

Managing labour or conducting the delivery of a baby

66
Q

Controlled act #13

A

Allergy challenge testing of a kind in which a positive result of the test is a significant allergic response

67
Q

Controlled act #14

A

Treating, by means of psychotherapy technique, delivered through a therapeutic relationship, an individual’s serious disorder of thought, cognition, mood, emotional regulation, perception or memory that may seriously impair the individual’s judgement,
insight, behaviour, communication or social functioning

68
Q

Delegating controlled acts

A

The act of transferring authority from one practitioner to another to perform a controlled act

69
Q

What is the goal of delegation of controlled acts?

A

Make delivery of health care more efficient and effective for patients/clients

70
Q

Standards for delegation of controlled acts

A
  • must be in best interests of patient
  • must be safe and effective
    -responsibility always remains with the person delegating the act however you should always familiarize yourself with standards of practitioners you work with
71
Q

Which controlled acts are considered unsuitable for delegation under the College of Kinesiologists of Ontario (CKO)

A

2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13

72
Q

What components of controlled act 2 can kinesiologists be delegated?

A

Performing a procedure on tissue below the dermis or below mucosal membranes

73
Q

Can registered kinesiologists be delegated to perform acupuncture?

A

NO

74
Q

Does the delegator need to be present during the performance of the controlled act ?

A

NO

75
Q

Purpose of a regulatory body

A

To protect the public

76
Q

Membership of a regulatory body

A

Mandatory, requires passing an exam and proof of competency

77
Q

Roles of a regulatory body

A
  • sets requirements
  • develops standards of practice
  • investigate complaints and disciplines
  • maintains a register of individuals eligible to practice
78
Q

Governance of a regulatory body

A

By peers and members of the public appointed by the government

79
Q

Purpose of an association

A

To advocate on behalf of members

80
Q

Membership of an association

A

Voluntary, based on professional designation
**proof of competency not required

81
Q

Roles of an association

A
  • advocates
  • promotes the profession
82
Q

Governance of an association

A

Board of directors who are elected members

83
Q

Examples of a profession with an association

A

PTA

84
Q

Purpose of the College of Kinesiologists of Ontario (CKO)

A

Created by ON government to regulate profession of kinesiology in public interest

85
Q

Governance of CKO

A

By a council that is accountable to the ON government

86
Q

Membership of the CKO

A

Mandatory for individuals wishing to work as a kinesiologist in ON

87
Q

Roles of the CKO

A
  • sets requirements for entry-level practice
  • maintains list of qualified individuals
  • develops rules and guidelines
  • investigates complaints
  • requires kinesiologists to participate in a program that helps ensure knowledge and skills are up to date and monitors that participation
88
Q

Purpose of Ontario Kinesiology assoication (OKA)

A

To advocate for and advance the interest of their members and the profession of kinesiology

89
Q

Governance of the OKA

A

By a board of directors elected by members that is accountable to members of the association

90
Q

Membership of the OKA

A

Voluntary

91
Q

Roles of the OKA

A
  • advocates w policy makers in the interest of members
  • markets and promotes the profession of kin
  • provides continuing professional development opportunities to members
  • represents members interests by monitoring developments that may impact scope of practice, employment opportunities and enhancing relationships w related professions
92
Q

What is the scope of practice of an occupational therapist?

A

Assessment of function and adaptive behaviour and the treatment and prevention of disorders which affect function or adaptive behaviour to develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment function or adaptive behaviour in the areas of self-care, productivity and leisure

93
Q

What is the scope of practice of a speech-language pathologist?

A

Assessment of auditory function and the treatment and prevention of auditory dysfunction to develop, maintain, rehabilitate or augment auditory and communicative functions

94
Q

What is the scope of practice of a respiratory therapist?

A

Providing of oxygen therapy, cardio-respiratory equipment monitoring and the assessment and treatment of respiratory and associated disorders to maintain and restore ventilation

95
Q

What are three ways that an OT can perform controlled acts?

A
  1. They could be direct granted authority- only psychotherapy
  2. They could perform the controlled act under an exception in the legislation ie. acupuncture
  3. They could be transferred the authority via delegation
96
Q

Which controlled acts do physiotherapists have direct authority to perform?

A

(1) Communication of a diagnosis
(2) Acupuncture and treating wounds below the dermis
(4) Spinal manipulation
Tracheal suctioning
(5) administering a substance by inhalation
(6) Inserting a hand, finger, or instrument beyond the labia majora or anal verge to assess pelvic muscles

97
Q

Which controlled acts can a PT delegate?

A
  • tracheal suctioning
  • wound care
  • administering a substance by inhalation
98
Q

Which controlled acts can a PT NOT delegate?

A
  • acupuncture
  • communicating a diagnosis
  • spinal manipulation
  • internal assessment of pelvic muscles
99
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice of PT, chiro and physicians example

A

Diagnosing low back pain

100
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice of PT and OT example

A

Selecting an appropriate wheelchair for a patient and contributing to a team process for designing custom seating systems

101
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice of PT and speech-language pathologist example

A

Assessing and treating patients w swallowing disorders

102
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice of PT, nurses and RT example

A

Managing patients in intensive care unit who need ventilator support

103
Q

Overlapping scopes of practice of PT, RKIN, chiro, massage therapists, physicians, nurses and OT example

A

Preventing disorders which affect function

104
Q

Healthcare professionals who are authorized to perform acupuncture in Ontario

A
  • chiro
  • dentists
  • medical doctors
  • naturopathic doctors
  • nurses
  • optometrists
  • PT
  • traditional Chinese medicine practitioners

KNPE400 (7 decks)

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