Week Two

Question 1

PV= nRT

Answer 1

P= pressure
V= volume 
N= amount of substance
R= gas constant 
T= temp

Question 2

Accuracy

Answer 2

How close the value is to the correct value

Question 3

Precision

Answer 3

How reproducible a particular measurement is when made a number of times

Question 4

Significant figures

Answer 4

Writing in scientific notation shows how many significant figures are present

Question 5

Significant figures - key concepts

Answer 5

All nonzero digits are significant

Question 6

When zero is significant

Answer 6

• between two nonzero digits

- at the end of a number that includes a decimal point

Question 7

When a zero is not significant

Answer 7

• before the first nonzero digit in a number

- at the end of a number with a decimal point

Question 8

Chemical formula

Answer 8

Shows the number of each type of atom present in a substance

Question 9

Molecular formula

Answer 9

Refers to a discrete molecule, describes the types a number of atoms present in a molecule

Question 10

Binary compounds

Answer 10

Compounds containing only 2 elements

Question 11

Binary compounds naming rules

Answer 11

• With exception to hydrogen, elements further to the left of the periodic table are first
• If hydrogen is present, it appears last with elements from group 16 and 17
• both elements from same group, lower one goes first

Question 12

Structural Formula

Answer 12

Shows the ay in which atoms are bonded together to form molecules

Question 13

Isomers

Answer 13

Molecules that have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures

Question 14

Condensed structural formula

Answer 14

Arranged in bonded groups but actual bonds aren’t drawn

Question 15

Cis

Answer 15

Ch3 on same side

Question 16

Trans

Answer 16

Ch3 on different sides

Question 17

Naming non metallic binary compounds

Answer 17

Element closest to the left appears first

The second element begins with elemental name but ends with the suffix -ide

Question 18

Naming oxoanions

Answer 18

Name has the root of central atoms

When the element forms more than one oxoanion then the one with fewer oxygen ends in -ire and the other has -ate

Question 19

Alcohols

Answer 19

Have -oh (hydroxyl) group attached to a carbon

Naming: -ol

Question 20

Aldehyde

Answer 20

Have carbonyl (c=o) group
Is always bonded to at least one hydrogen
Must be end of carbon chain

Naming: -anal

Question 21

Ketones

Answer 21

Always bonded to two other carbon atoms

Never end of chain

Question 22

Carboxylic acid

Answer 22

Carboxyl group (-cooh) can only bind to one other atom 
End of chain

Question 23

Alkanes

Answer 23

Single bond
Saturated
Formula - CnH2n+2

Question 24

Molecular equation

Answer 24

It shows all reactants and products, with molecular substances written as discrete molecules (i.e.HCl,H2OandCO2) and ionic compounds written in terms of their empirical formulae (i.e.CaCO3andCaCl2)

Question 25

Empirical Formula

Answer 25

simplest whole-number ratio of atoms within that compound. For example, the empirical formula of butane (chemical formulaC4H10) isC2H5.