Week Nine

Question 1

negative delta G

Answer 1

spontaneous change will occur in forward

Question 2

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 2

a reaction that has no net change in overall composition

Question 3

Kc equation

Answer 3

[A]^a [B]^b

Question 4

Kc rule

Answer 4

only have one positive value at a particular temp

Question 5

Qc

Answer 5

when not in equilibrium

can have any positive value

Question 6

Kp

Answer 6

[PC/standard P]c [PD/standard P]d

—————————– [PA/standard P]a [PB/standard P]b

Question 7

standard pressure

Answer 7

1 x 10^5 pa

Question 8

Kp equation when given Kc

Answer 8

Kp = Kc(1000RT/standard pressure)^delta n gas

Question 9

delta n gas equation

Answer 9

(number of moles of gaseous products) - (number of moles of gaseous reactants)

Question 10

Changing the direction of equilibrium

Answer 10

the new equilibrium is the reciprocal of original

Question 11

Kc’

Answer 11

reciprocal

1/Kc

Question 12

Multiplying coefficient by a factor

Answer 12

the equilibrium constants are multiplied

Question 13

Adding Chemical equilibriums

Answer 13

the equilbrium constants are multiplied

Kc3 = Kc1 x Kc2

Question 14

Decreases in gibbs energy

Answer 14

spontaneous changes occur

Question 15

Delta G of reaction equation

Answer 15

Delta G of reaction at standard + RTlnQ or RTlnK
where r is gas constant
t is temp
lnQ is log of reaction quotient

Question 16

gas constant

Answer 16

8.314

Question 17

large negative Delta G

Answer 17

equilibrium is towards products

Question 18

large positive Delta G

Answer 18

equilibrium is towards reactants

Question 19

Le chateliers Principle

Answer 19

equilibrium will try and counteract any changes and bring system back equilibrium

Question 20

Adding or removing a product or reactant

Answer 20

alters concentration

Q changes and system is no longer at equilibrium

Question 21

Changing volume of system

Answer 21

changes both concentration and partial pressure of reactant and product

Question 22

Increasing volume

Answer 22

decreases partial pressure and total pressure

Question 23

Qc equation

Answer 23

[nC]c [nD]d
—————- x V2
[nA]a[nB]b

Question 24

Qc relationship with Volume

Answer 24

inproportional

Question 25

Adding an inert gas at constant volume

Answer 25

increases total pressure but doesnt alter the position of equilibrium

Question 26

Changing the temp of reaction mixture

Answer 26

equilibrium constant can be changed by altering the temp of a mixture

Question 27

increasing temp - endothermic

Answer 27

increases k, products are favoured

Question 28

increasing temp - exothermic

Answer 28

decreases k, reactants are favoured

Question 29

Van Hoffs Equation

Answer 29

DlnK/Dt = delta H of reaction at standard/RT^2

Question 30

Addition of catalyst

Answer 30

brings system to equilibrium more rapidly, position of equilibrium isnt affected

Question 31

Change of gibbs free energy

Answer 31

(energy of higher phase) - (energy of lower phase)

Question 32

Delta G >0

Answer 32

spontaneous change

Question 33

Delta G = 0

Answer 33

no spontaneous change

Question 34

delta of mix Gibbs free energy

Answer 34

always negative (due to increase in entropy)

Question 35

Delta G at standard > 0

Answer 35

large amount of reactants

Question 36

Delta G at standard < 0

Answer 36

large amount of products

Question 37

QC

Answer 37

shift towards products

Question 38

QC>Kc

Answer 38

shift towards reactants

Question 39

Dln

Answer 39

change in K

Question 40

Dt

Answer 40

change in temp

Question 41

Equilibrium concentration

Answer 41

initial concentration + change in concentration