Week One: Small Animal Nutrition

Question 1

What is nutrition?

Answer 1

Process of breaking down food and substances taken in by the mouth to use for energy in the body

Question 2

What are health professionals who focus more specifically on the role of nutrition in chronic disease, including possible prevention or remediation by addressing drugs and nutritional deficiencies before resorting to surgery?

Answer 2

Clinical nutritionists

Question 3

What does PCM stand for?

Answer 3

Protein calorie malnutrition

Question 4

What does ad lib mean?

Answer 4

Same as free choice or self feeding devices

Question 5

What does time restricted mean?

Answer 5

All the pet can consume in a measured amount of time

Question 6

What does volume restricted mean?

Answer 6

Measure the meal before feeding

Question 7

Is this a nutrient or ingredient?

Chicken meal

Answer 7

Ingredient

Question 8

Is this a nutrient or ingredient?

Vitamin E

Answer 8

Nutrient

Question 9

Is this a nutrient or ingredient?

Lysine

Answer 9

Nutrient

Question 10

Is this a nutrient or ingredient?

Salt

Answer 10

Ingredient

Question 11

What are the three nutrient categories?

Answer 11

Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids

Question 12

What are proteins?

Answer 12

Complex polymers of 22 amino acid units

Question 13

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Complex polymers of several different sugar units

Question 14

What are lipids?

Answer 14

Complex polymers of fatty acid units

Question 15

What is an essential amino acid?

Answer 15

Amino acids liver cannot produce

Question 16

What is a nonessential amino acid?

Answer 16

Amino acids liver can produce them

Question 17

What is the goal of protein digestion?

Answer 17

Present small peptides and free amino acids to the to the brush border of the SI mucosa for absorption

Question 18

What is absorption?

Answer 18

AA’s transported across bowel via active transport

Question 19

What is quantity?

Answer 19

Measured content of nitrogen

Question 20

What is quality?

Answer 20

Depends on the distribution profile of essential vs. non essential amino acids

Question 21

What is biologic value?

Answer 21

Scoring of EAA content

Question 22

What does a higher BV number mean?

Answer 22

Fewer “holes and gaps” in essential amino acids

Better for you

Question 23

What is a net nitrogen balance?

Answer 23

Differences between amount consumed and the amount lost

Question 24

What is the normal state of a net NB of a healthy animal?

Answer 24

0

Question 25

What is positive NB?

Answer 25

Growth, rebuilding or replenishing

Question 26

What is negative NB?

Answer 26

No protein intake or loss of tissue

Question 27

What is clinical relevance?

Answer 27

Cachexia is tissue wasting and is associated with an extreme negative nitrogen balance

Question 28

What is the difference between a fat and an oil?

Answer 28

Fats are solid at room temperature and oils are liquid at room temperature

Question 29

Unsaturated fats have what type of bond?

Answer 29

Single bond between carbon and carbon

Question 30

Poly unsaturated fats have what type of bond?

Answer 30

Multiple double bonds between carbon and carbon

Question 31

Mono unsaturated fats have what type of bond?

Answer 31

Just one double bond between carbon and carbon

Question 32

What are the three dietary monosaccharides (simple sugars)?

Answer 32

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 33

What is glucose?

Answer 33

Blood sugar

Question 34

How many known essential minerals are there for mammals?

Answer 34

18

Question 35

What's the difference between water soluble and fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 35

Water soluble: filtered by the kidney and the excess is urinated out Fat soluble: Can lead to toxicity

Question 36

What are the macrominerals?

Answer 36

``` Sodium Potassium Calcium Chloride Phosphorus Magnesium ```

Question 37

What is a formulation?

Answer 37

Combining ingredients to achieve desired characteristics of a final, finished product (What went into formula)

Question 38

What is a nutrient profile?

Answer 38

The presence and amounts of nutrients in a finished formula | What's there and how much of it