Week One - NCP

Question 1

factors that contributed to a change in the leading causes of death during 20th century

Answer 1

improvements in plant breeding/mechanization of ag, use of fertilizers/pesticies to dramatically increase yields means food more available and less expensive (ie. food scarcity –> food excess; deficiency/infectious disease–> chronic disease)

Question 2

leading causes of death in US in which diet/excessive alcohol consumption play a role

Answer 2

diseases of the heart, malignant neoplasms, cerebrovascular diseases, DM, hypertension; unintentional injuries, suicide, chronic liver disease, homicide

Question 3

diff between nutrition screening and assessment

Answer 3

screening is process to identify an individual who is malnourished or at risk for malnutrition to determine if detailed nutritional assessment is indicated and can be done by any member of health care team using screening instrument ; assessment is comprehensive approach to diagnosing nutrition probs that uses combo of med, nutrition, medication hx, physical exam, anthropometric measures, lab data–systemic method for obtaining, verifying, and interpreting data needed to identify nutrition-related probs, their causes, and significance and involves continuous reassessment compared to criteria

Question 4

4 methods used to collect nutritional assessment data

Answer 4

A: anthropometry (body comp and physical dimensions
B: biochemical (lab values)
C: clinical (personal and family hx, med and health hx, physical exam signs/symptoms, SGA)
D: diet (surveys, recalls, software, food record)

Question 5

explain NCP model

Answer 5

systematic prob solving method where dietitian use critical thinking skills to make evidence based decisions addressing nutrition related probs of ppl they serve ; consistent and standardized process for delivery of nutrition related care (use of terms organized into domains, alphanumeric codes for id and documenting)–>clear and specific communication

Question 6

discuss role of nutrition assessment in NCP

Answer 6

collecting, verifying, recording, interpreting variety of relevant data (nutrition care indicators) to nutrition status of client, so as to determine whether prob exists and make informed decisions about nature, cause, significance; not just one time, it is ongoing and nonlinear data collection process for entirety of care

Question 7

discuss role of nutrition assessment in prevention and treatment of disease

Answer 7

inform diagnosis and care, actionable steps; meet Healthy People 2020 objectives to attain high quality longer lives free of preventable disease/disability/injury/premature death, achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve health of all groups, create enviros where good health is promoted for all (of 1200 objectives, 22 listed in nutrition and weight status topic area, and many other nutrition related ones listed in other areas); health care organizations and PEM, DM, obesity, CHD, cancer

Question 8

strengths and abilities that the practitioner brings to NCP?

Answer 8

unique dietetics knowledge, skills and competencies, critical thinking, collaboration, communication, evidence based practice, code of ethics

Question 9

outer ring enviro factors that impact pt ability receive and benefit from NCP?

Answer 9

practice settings, health care systems, social systems, economics

Question 10

two supporting systems outside the NCP?

Answer 10

screening/referral system, outcomes management system (evaluate process by collecting and analyzing relevant data to adjust and improve performance)

Question 11

nutrition care criteria grouped into two categories:

Answer 11

nutrition prescription/goal established by nutrition practitioner, reference standards for food/nutrient intake

Question 12

domains in nutrition assessment?

Answer 12

food and nutrient intake, food and nutrient administration, med/supplement use, knowledge/belief/attitudes, behaviour, factors affecting access, physical activity and function, nutrition related patient/client centred measures, anthropometric measures, biochem data, NFPE, client history (personal, med, social)

Question 13

what is a nutrition diagnosis?

Answer 13

identification and labelling of specific nutrition prob that food and nutrition professionals are responsible for treating independently (may cause a disease or be caused by a disease)

Question 14

domains of diagnosis?

Answer 14

intake, clinical, behavioural/enviro

Question 15

two basic components of nutrition intervention?

Answer 15

planning (diagnoses are prioritized based on severity and intervention’s potential impact, patient’s needs and perceptions), implementation

Question 16

what is a nutrition prescription?

Answer 16

intake recommendations along with brief description of pt health condition and nutrition diagnosis, succinctly summarized

Question 17

4 nutrition intervention terms/domains:

Answer 17

food and/or nutrient delivery, nutrition education, nutrition counselling , coordination of care

Question 18

how are assessment and monitoring similar?

Answer 18

types of data collected and evaluation are similar, domains and types similar (except no client history domain)

Question 19

differences between assess and monitor?

Answer 19

assessment is to collect and analyze to establish diagnosis and develop intervention; monitoring is to collect and analyze data to evaluate outcomes of intervention

Question 20

term coined to identify the global epidemic of obesity

Answer 20

globesity

Question 21

categories of CHD risk factors include:

Answer 21

causative (smoking, BP, TC, HDL, DM, age) conditional (TG, lipoprotein A, homocysteine, blood coagulation, inflammation), predisposing (obesity, inactivity, male, family hx, socioeconomic, behaviour, IR)

Question 22

about 2/3 of all cancer deaths in US linked to:

Answer 22

tobacco, obesity, physically inactive, diet choices (1/3)

Question 23

nutrition monitoring when talking about large populations?

Answer 23

“those activities necessary to provide timely info about contributions of food and nutrient consumption and nutrition status to the health of the population”; involves surveys