Week One Flashcards
which is larger, prokaryotic or eukaryotic ribosomes?
eukaryotic
main component of the cell wall in bacteria
peptidoglycan
two subunits that repeat in the cell wall
NAM (n-acetylmuramic acid) and NAG (n-acetylglucosamine)
cross-linked peptides are formed by _______, linking NAG and NAM
transpeptidases
____ ____-______ add strength to the cell wall
peptide cross-linkers
gram positive have ___ phospholipid bilayer
one
which travel through the thick layer of gram positive cell wall, teichoic or lipoteichoic acids?
lipoteichoic acid
gram negative bacteria have an ___ and ____ layer of phospholipids
inner, outer
space between inner and outer layer of phospholipid bilayer
periplasm
_____ attach to the outer membrane
LPS (lipopolysaccharide)
where is the peptidoglycan in gram negative bacteria?
in the periplasm
lipid portion of LPS is also called ____
endotoxin
do gram negative cells have LPS?
yes
do gram negative cells have teichoic acids?
no
gram negative stain…
red
gram positive stain…
blue/purple
staining: gram negative thin walls allows CV-I to ____, making the appearance ___ before the counterstain
leave, clear
gram positive thick walls ____ CV-I, making appearance ___.
still blue
function of capsule
protect against phagocytosis
function of pilus/fimbria
mediates attachment to cell surfaces OR conjugation in sex pilus (moves DNA from donor to receipient)
function flagella
motion
function of spore
provides resistance to dehydration, heat, chemicals
function of plasmid
contain a variety of genes for antibiotic resistance and toxins
function of granule
site of nutrients in cytoplasm
