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Microbiology > Week 7: Spirochetes to Mycobacterium > Flashcards

Week 7: Spirochetes to Mycobacterium Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

rickettsiacaea

A

gram negative, pleiomorphic, non-sporulating

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2
Q

how are rickettsiacaea transmitted?

A

zoonotic (by lice, fleas, ticks)

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3
Q

what does rickettsiacaea cause?

A

rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus

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4
Q

what specific bacteria causes rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

rickettsia richettsii (transmitted by hard ticks, especially dermacentor)

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5
Q

what does rickettsia richettsii do?

A

infect endothelial cells that line BV

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6
Q

90% of rickettsia richettsii present with…

A

a rash

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7
Q

what bacteria causes typhus?

A

rickettsia typhi

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8
Q

what is rickettsia typhi spread by?

A

fleas (infected feces) but also domestic cats and opossum

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9
Q

bacteria that causes lyme disease

A

borrelia burgdorferi

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10
Q

lyme disease caused by…

A

deer tick and western black-legged tick

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11
Q

most antibiotic to treat lyme disease for adults, children

A 
adults = doxycycline
children = amoxicillin
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12
Q

how long is the antibiotic course for lyme disease?

A

21 days

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13
Q

what bacteria causes cholera?

A

vibrio cholera

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14
Q

what causes peptic ulcers?

A

H. pylori

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15
Q

H. pylori is a ____

A

helicobacter

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16
Q

what causes pontiac fever, legionnaires’ disease?

A

legionella pneumophilia

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17
Q

tiny, pleomorphic bacteria that doesn’t have a cell wall

A

mycoplasma

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18
Q

what does mycoplasma cause?

A

atypical pneumonia

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19
Q

clostridia characteristics

A
  • gram positive
  • anaerobic
  • sporulating rods
  • normally found in soil
  • noted for production of toxins/ability form spores
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20
Q

what causes gastroenteritis?

A

clostridium perfringens

21
Q

in addition to gastroenteritis, clostridium perfringens can also cause

A

necrotizing infections and gas gangrene

22
Q

bacteria that is common in soil, seven types of toxins

A

clostridium botulinum

23
Q

what is the most toxic toxin in clostridium botulinum?

A

alpha type (blocks acetylcholine release leading to flaccid paralysis)

24
Q

sources/percentages of clostridium botulinum

A

15% foodborne
20% wound botulism
65% infant botulism

25
Q

what causes tetanus/”lock jaw”?

A

clostridium tetani

26
Q

what bacteria causes PMC, toxic megacolon, perforations of the colon, sepsis

A

clostridium difficile

27
Q

what is the bacteria that causes tuberculosis

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

28
Q

mycobacterium tuberculosis does not take up ____ because of _____ in cell

A

gram stain (acid fast), mycolic aicd

29
Q

acid fast staining is also called…

A

ziehl-neelsen stain

30
Q

acid fast staining are used to determine ______ bacteria from _____ bacteria

A

acid fast; non-acid fast

31
Q

acid fast bacteria has _____ in their cell wall

A

mycolic acid

32
Q

acid fast bacteria stain ____; non acid fast bacteria stain ___

A

red; green/blue

33
Q

test for TB using a…

A

Mantoux test

34
Q

how long is the course for TB?

A

months with multiple different antibiotics

35
Q

gram positive, chain forming cocci

A

streptococci

36
Q

hemolytic classification
gamma = _____
alpha = _____
beta = ___

A 
gamma = no hemolysis
alpha = partial hemolysis w/ narrow clearance 
beta = complete hemolysis w/ wide clearance
37
Q

what does streptococcus pneumoniae cause in adults? children?

A
  • adults = pneumonia, meningitis

- children = otitis media, sinusitis (ear infection, sinus infection)

38
Q

what bacteria causes non-invasive strep throat, impetigo

A

streptococcus pyogenes

39
Q

streptococcus pneumoniae is _____

A

alpha hemolytic

40
Q

streptococcus agalactiae is ____

A

beta hemolytic

41
Q

streptococcus agalactiae causes…
neonates =
adults =
pregnancy =

A 
neonates = pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis
adults = soft tissue infection, sepsis
pregnancy =  stillbirths, UTIs, amnionitis, sepsis
42
Q

what causes boils, abscesses, conjunctivitis, food poisoning, TSS?

A

staphylococcus aureus

43
Q

what can cause wound and catheter infections?

A

staphylococcus epidermidis

44
Q

streptococcus pyogenes is ______

A

beta-hemolytic

45
Q

what causes listeriosis?

A

listeria monocytogenes

46
Q

what bacteria causes anthrax?

A

bacillus anthracis

47
Q

bacillus anthracis can cause ____ diseases

A

3 different

48
Q

types of anthrax

A

cutaneous, intestinal, inhalation

Microbiology (7 decks)

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