Week 2: Bacterial Metabolism/Genetics

Question 1

how many ATP molecules are generated from glycolysis of glucose?

Answer 1

2 ATP

Question 2

terminal electron receptor can be…

Answer 2

oxygen

Question 3

what molecule makes oxygen free radical (O2-) to peroxide?

Answer 3

superoxide dismutase

Question 4

what decomposes peroxide to water?

Answer 4

catalase and peroxidases

Question 5

do aerobes need O2 for terminal electron receptor?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

_____ prefer to use ____ if available, but can use fermentation

Answer 6

facultatives, oxygen

Question 7

microbe that doesn’t use O2, but are OK if it’s around

Answer 7

aerotolerant

Question 8

microbe that…

• lack superoxide dismutase and catalase
• ferment or use nitrate, sulphate, etc. for e-

Answer 8

strict anaerobes (obligate)

Question 9

microbe that likes a little O2 (5%)

Answer 9

microaerophiles

Question 10

optimal growth temp of mesophiles

Answer 10

25-40 degrees C

Question 11

scale of temperature/bacteria

Answer 11

psychrophile
psychrotroph
mesophile
thermophile
hyperthermophile

Question 12

neutrophiles like a…

Answer 12

neutral pH

Question 13

microbes that like acidic pH

Answer 13

acidophiles

Question 14

microbes that like basic pH

Answer 14

alkalophiles

Question 15

types of sampling

Answer 15

• aspirated pus/swab/paper point
• clean sample
• smear
• culture

Question 16

clean sample keys

Answer 16

• target site infection

- reduce level of contamination

Question 17

what can be defined as the persistence of genetic information?

Answer 17

life

Question 18

central dogma of molecular biology/genetics

Answer 18

DNA –> RNA –> Protein

Question 19

description of bacterial cells

Answer 19

• single
• circular
• double-stranded DNA

Question 20

are bacteria haploid or diploid?

Answer 20

haploid

Question 21

which cell is larger? human or bacterial cell?

Answer 21

human cell, in many apsects

Question 22

lac protein that transports lactose into cells

Answer 22

lacY

Question 23

lac enzyme that breaks down lactose into monomers that can be used in glycolysis

Answer 23

lacZ

Question 24

DNA sequence that RNA polymerase binds to

Answer 24

promoter

Question 25

DNA sequence that overlaps with the promoter

Answer 25

operator

Question 26

DNA sequence that binds to a protein called CAP

Answer 26

CAP binding site

Question 27

enzyme involved in the process of lac operon, but role isn’t totally figured out yet

Answer 27

lacA

Question 28

molecule that binds to repressor to allow lab protein transcription

Answer 28

allolactose