Week one Flashcards
What is Clinical Research
Evaluates the best way to prevent diagnose and treat adverse health issues that adversely affect individuals and families (something doctors look at)
What is population health research
Communities and city’s focuses on the health outcomes and the determinants of health in groups of humans doesn’t care about any indviduals
What is public health
The actions taken to promote health and prevent illness injuries and early deaths at the population level
What is biological (basic medical research)
Looks at changes at human cellular level that can be related to health outcomes dosen’t look at people
looks at cells
What are the five steps to the research process
- Identify a study question
- Select a general study approach
- Design the study and collect data
- Analyze Data
- Write and share a report about the findings
What is the six steps of the more comprehensive research process
- Research question
- Generate Hypothesis
- Collect Data
- Analyze Data
- Interpret findings
- Communicate
How do we brainstorm a question
Generating long lists of spontaneous ideas about possible research
What could be some sources for brainstorming a question
Person experinces
Knowledge aquried from coursework
Clinical or public health practice
Informal reading about subjects of interest
What does it mean when the question is clear
Practical and focused
Who where when what why and how often
What are some goals for your research question
Understanding the issue needs assessments program evaluations clinical effectiveness studies and other types of health releated research
What is EDP
Exposure disease population
What is exposure
A personal characteristic( SES) behvaiour smoking enviromental encounter pollution or intervention that might change the likelihood of developing a health condition
What is outcome
An observed event such as the presence of disease in a participant in an observation study or the measured endpoint in an experimental study
What is the standard of health research
P- What is the patient or population group and the problem studied
I- What is the intervention that will be tested
C- What will the intervention be compared to what is the control group
O- What is the outcome of intrest
T- What is the timeframe to follow up
What makes a question a good research question?
1) A real question should not be based on predetermined call to action
2) Testable
3) Generalizable
4) Purposeful
What are 4 questions for refining the study question
What is the one well defined research question that the study will answer
What speific aims objectives or hypotheses will enable the key question to be answered
Would a conceptual framework be helpful for guiding the design analysis and interpretation of the study and its results
Is the proposed study feasible? Is there a high likelihood that the research team will be able to answer the studys main research question?
What are some things to consider if you research question is important
What is one key thing the study will answer
What is already known about the research topic or the gaps to be adressed
What is the significance of the problelm that the study will adress
What will be innovative about the research how will it gap
What is the impact how will it help advance health
How many specefic aims to health science studys have
2-4, 3 being the most typical
What is sequential vs independent objectives
Sequential: Chronological list of actions that will achieve the main goal
Independent: Related but independent objectives when one objective is not achived it will not prevent successfully completion of other objectives
What is a good specefic objective
S specific
M measurable
A attainable
R relevant or realisitc
T timely
What are theoretical frameworks
A set of established modelS in the published literature that can inform the components and flows of the concenptua; framwork for a new resarch study
Why do we use models
Organize thoughts
Explore determinant helath relationships in a systematic manner
A guide for analysis
Identify modifiable factors for intervention
What is lalondes model
New perspective of health in 1974 lokking beyond biomedical
human biology
enviorment
lifestyle
health care orginzation
What is Evans and stoddart model
When a disease happens it has consequenses
What is the eco social model
microsystem
mesosystem
exosystem
Macrosystem
Chronosystem
What is the conceptual model
That a researcher sketches using boxes and arrows to illustrate the various relationships that happen
between community level social captial and injuries
Personal
Family/Interpersonal
Community
