WEEK NINE

Question 1

Ethics?

Answer 1

Analysis of rational processes to decide a course of action where conflicting options exist

Question 2

Mortality?

Answer 2

Community norms – right and wrong

Question 3

Values?

Answer 3

Individual beliefs and attitudes that influence actions and decisions

Question 4

Principles of moral reasoning?

Answer 4

Autonomy
Non-maleficence
Beneficence
Justice
Veracity and Fidelity

Question 5

Autonomy?

Answer 5

The capacity of arational individualto make an informed, un-coerced decision
Respect for the individual
Individuals should be treated as autonomous agents and those with diminished autonomy protected.

Question 6

Beneficence?

Answer 6

Do good

“to act for the benefit of others”

Question 7

Non-maleficence?

Answer 7

“to do no harm”

Question 8

Justice?

Answer 8

“a fair, equitable and appropriate treatment in light of what is due or owed to an individual”

Question 9

Types of consent?

Answer 9

Written
Spoken
Implied

Question 10

Consent must be

Answer 10

Be informed
Be voluntarily given
Encompass the act to be performed
Be given by a person legally competent to do so

Question 11

To be competent to consent an individual must?

Answer 11

Be able to comprehend and retain information
Believe it
Be able to weigh that information up
Make a decision based on that ability

Question 12

Capacity to consent

Answer 12

Legal capacity
Is patient of sound mind and judgement
If they are they are within their rights to make decisions about their treatment
Mental health issues/intellectual disability
Children ( under the age of 16) require parents to consent for/with them
Age –legal capacity in Australia is 18 yrs old

Question 13

Requirements of consent

Answer 13

Valid Consent
Freely and voluntarily given
Person has legal capacity to give consent
Person is informed of procedure

Question 14

Exceptions of consent

Answer 14

Patient does not have Capacity
Emergency situation
Advanced Health Directive

Question 15

Implied consent

Answer 15

The nurse must explain what they are going to do even although it has been done many times before

The fact of hospital admission doesn’t imply patient’s automatic acceptance of all treatment

Question 16

Patient advocate?

Answer 16

A person chosen by an individual to make medical decisions on behalf of that person in the situation where the individual becomes incompetent.

Medical Agent
Medical power of Attorney
Enduring guardian E.g: partner, child
Substitutive Judgement Principle

Question 17

Conscientious objection ?

Answer 17

A refusal to participate in any procedure that would violate their reasoned moral conscious

Question 18

Brain death?

Answer 18

Determined by:
Unresponsive coma
Absence of brainstem reflexes
Absence of respiratory centre function

(findings must be irreversible & there must be definite clinical or neuro-imaging evidence of acute brain pathology)
Must be certified by two medical practitioners