week four

Question 1

what is the most common medical emergency in a dental office?

Answer 1

syncope

Question 2

definition of syncope

Answer 2

sudden short-term loss of consciousness and postural tone

Question 3

what are the different types of syncope

Answer 3

neurocardiac, noncardiac, cardiac

Question 4

neurocardiac syncope

Answer 4

most common, drop in blood pressure (vasodepressor), associated with noxious stimuli

Question 5

what is noxious stimuli

Answer 5

pain, fear, exhaustion, and illness

Question 6

what are types of noncardiac syncope

Answer 6

seizures and orthostatic hypotension

Question 7

what is cardiac syncope

Answer 7

inadequate cardiac output, from underlying heart disease

Question 8

definition of shock

Answer 8

condition produced when the cardiovascular pulmonary system fails to deliver enough oxygenated blood to body tissues

Question 9

what are the types of shock?

Answer 9

hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, obstructive

Question 10

what are the stages of shock

Answer 10

initial, compensatory, progressive, refractory

Question 11

initial stage

Answer 11

cells deprived of oxygen, inhibits ability to produce energy, cells not function properly

Question 12

compensatory stage

Answer 12

body tries to overcome shock

Question 13

progressive stage

Answer 13

compensatory mechanism begin to fail

Question 14

refractory

Answer 14

failure of vital organs

Question 15

hypovolemic shock

Answer 15

most common, caused by hemorrhage or dehydration

Question 16

cardiogenic shock

Answer 16

reduction in perfusion due to decreased cardiac output

Question 17

what are the types of distributive shock

Answer 17

anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic

Question 18

anaphylactic shock

Answer 18

sudden, massive vasodilation and circulatory collapse following exposure to an allergen

Question 19

septic shock

Answer 19

vasodilatory shock

Question 20

neurogenic shock

Answer 20

loss of sympathetic nerve activity from brain’s vasomotor center due to emotion trama, drug or traumatic injury

Question 21

obstructive shock

Answer 21

from indirect heart pump failure

Question 22

definition of hyperventilation

Answer 22

rapid, deep breathing occurs thus eliminating more carbon dioxide then producing

Question 23

what is the optimal ph of blood

Answer 23

7.4