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Pharmacology > Week Eleven Quiz > Flashcards

Week Eleven Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Infection

A

Caused by microorganisms and results in infection.

*not all inflammations are caused by infections

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2
Q

Two phases of inflammation

A
  • Vascular- 10-15 min after

* delayed phase- associated with vasodilation and increased capillary permeability

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3
Q

NSAIDS

A

Nonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs

-used to decrease inflammation and pain for patients who have some kind of arthritic condition

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4
Q

Salicylates

A
  • derived from salicylic acid

- aspirin comes from this group

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5
Q

Aspirin

A
  • anti inflammatory drug
  • AR: GI bleeding, tinnitus, ulceration
  • TE: reduce pain and inflammatory symptoms, decrease body temp, to inhibit platelet aggregation
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6
Q

Para-chlorobenzoic acid

A

-used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

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7
Q

Phenalacetic acid derivatives

A

-it’s analgesic and anti inflammatory effects are similar to those of aspirin, but has minimal antipyretic effect

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8
Q

Propionic acid derivatives

A

-aspirin like but have stronger effects and create less GI irritation

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9
Q

Fenamates

A
  • includes potent NSAIDS used for acute and chronic arthritic conditions
  • gastric irritation is a common side effect
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10
Q

Oxicams

A

-indicated for long term arthritic conditions

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11
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID

  • AR: GI bleeding
  • TE: reduce inflammatory process, reduce pain, reduce fever
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12
Q

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

-inhibits COX-1 to protect stomach lining and promoted decreased clotting time

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13
Q

Celecoxib

A
  • non steroidal anti inflammatory: COX-2 inhibitor
  • AR: peripheral edema
  • TE: treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
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14
Q

Inflammation

A

A response to tissue injury and infection

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15
Q

Allopurinol(Zyloprim)

A
  • anti gout
  • AR: cataracts, Bradycardia
  • TE: to treat gout and hyperuricemia
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16
Q

Pain threshold

A

Reflects the level of stimulation needed to create a painful sensation

17
Q

Pain tolerance

A

The amount of pain a person can endure without having it interfere with normal functioning

18
Q

Nociceptors

A

Sensory pain receptors in the peripheral tissues

  • mechanical
  • thermal
  • chemical
19
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Analgesic
AR:oliguria
TE:decrease pain and fever
SE: an overdose can be extremely toxic to the liver

20
Q

NSAIDS

A
  • All have analgesic,antipyretic, and anti inflammatory effects
  • common side effects of NSAIDS is gastric irritation
21
Q

Aspirin and children

A

Children under age 12 should not use aspirin

-because of risk of Reye’s syndrome use Tylenol

22
Q

Addiction

A

Defined as a psychological and physical dependence upon a substance beyond normal voluntary control
-usually after prolonged use of substance

23
Q

Morphine

A
  • potent opioid analgesic
  • effective against acute pain, MI pain, cancer pain, and relieving severe pain
  • can cause respiratory depression, orthographic hypotension
24
Q

Morphine antidote

A

Naloxone(Narcan)

25
Q

Morphine sulfate

A

-opioid
-AR:hypotension, respiratory depression
TE: relieve severe pain

26
Q

Withdrawal syndrome

A

Caused by physical dependence

-symptoms include:irritability, diaphoresis, muscle twitching, increase in BP/HR

27
Q

PCA

A

Alternative route for opioid administration for self administered pain relief as needed

28
Q

Transdermal opioids

A

Provide a continuous around the clock pain control pain control that is helpful for patients who suffer from chronic pain

29
Q

Children

A

Use of the ouch scale can be useful in determining a child’s level of pain

30
Q

Older adults

A
  • usually adults 65 and older require adjustment to drug doses to avoid severe side effects because they are more pronounced
  • many adults believe that pain is inevitable and often go under treated
31
Q

Migraine headaches

A

Characterized by a unilateral thriving head pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and photophobia

32
Q

Cluster headaches

A

Characterized by severe unilateral nonthrobbing pain usually located around the eye

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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