Quiz Eight #2

Question 1

Disintegration

Answer 1

Breakdown into smaller particles

Question 2

Absorption

Answer 2

Movement of drug particles from GI tract to body fluids through:

• passive absorption
• active absorption
• pinocytosis

Question 3

Lipid soluble

Answer 3

Pass rapidly through GI membrane and blood brain barrier

Question 4

Water soluble

Answer 4

Require enzyme or protein to pass through membrane

Question 5

Bioavailability

Answer 5

% of drug that the body can now use

Question 6

Distribution

Answer 6

Drug becomes available to body fluid and tissues

Question 7

Protein binding

Answer 7

Drug must go where protein is going
-portion of drug that is bound is inactive other portion is free

-drugs bound by protein are going to remain in system a little bit longer

Question 8

Free drugs

Answer 8

What is available to go to site of action and do what it needs to do

-when free level drug decreases, protein bound drugs release some of drug into free until the drug is out of the system.

Question 9

Volume of drug distribution (Vd)

Answer 9

Amount of the drug in the body/plasma concentration

Question 10

Liver

Answer 10

The main organ for metabolism

Question 11

1/2 life

Answer 11

The time it takes one one half of drug concentration to be eliminated.

• and then half of that and half of that until drug is gone

Question 12

Excretion(elimination)

Answer 12

Kidneys-Urine
Liver-bile
Intestines-feces
Lungs-Co2,H2O
Skin-sweat
Milk ducts-breast milk

Question 13

Creatinine clearance

Answer 13

Difference between your urine and your blood creatinine levels

Question 14

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 14

The study of drug concentrations and its effects of the body

Question 15

Primary effect

Answer 15

The desired/wanted effect

Question 16

Secondary effect

Answer 16

Side effect

Question 17

Dose response

Answer 17

Amount of drug needed for desired effect, one patient may need more of a drug than somebody else

Question 18

Maximal efficacy

Answer 18

Medication is no longer more effective even if given more

Question 19

Peak

Answer 19

Point where drug reaches maximal effect but is not toxic

Question 20

Duration

Answer 20

The time period in which the drug is effective while in the therapeutic range

Question 21

MEC

Answer 21

Minimum effective concentration

Question 22

MTC

Answer 22

Minimum toxic concentration

Question 23

Onset

Answer 23

the time required after administration of a drug for a response to be observed.

Question 24

Receptor theory

Answer 24

refers to the fact that drugs have an effect of receptor sites on the cell membrane in order to cause a reaction

Question 25

Agonist

Answer 25

Produces a response

Question 26

Antagonist

Answer 26

Blocks a response

Question 27

Strong agonist

Answer 27

Drug attaches to receptor site extremely well, causes a strong reaction

Question 28

Weak agonist

Answer 28

does fit but doesn't have a very strong reaction

Question 29

Stimulation and depression category

Answer 29

Causes the organ system to speed up or slow down

Question 30

Therapeutic index

Answer 30

Difference between the effective dose at 50% and the lethal dose at 50%

Question 31

Therapeutic range(window)

Answer 31

The plasma level of a drug between the minimal effective concentration for obtaining the desired effect and minimal lethal concentration(lowest plasma concentration)

Question 32

Peak levels

Answer 32

Peak drug levels indicate the rate of absorption(highest plasma concentration of drug)

Question 33

Trough

Answer 33

Trough levels indicate the rate of elimination(lowest plasma concentration)

Question 34

Loading dose

Answer 34

Giving a higher amount/dose to get that therapeutic range jump started

Question 35

Side effects

Answer 35

Other effects the drug has, could be desirable or undesirable

Question 36

Adverse reactions

Answer 36

A reaction that could be a possibility but don't always know who will have the reaction EX: anaphylaxis

Question 37

Placebo effect

Answer 37

Physiologic without receiving the drug revealing a psychological effect

Question 38

Tachyphylaxis

Answer 38

Very short reaction in drug -rapid decrease in response

Question 39

Drug interactions

Answer 39

The reactions that drugs have with eachother

Question 40

Additive

Answer 40

If you take two drugs that can have the same effect

Question 41

Synergistic

Answer 41

While taking two drugs they multiply the effect

Question 42

Drug-food

Answer 42

Can either increase or decrease breakdown of certain drugs

Question 43

Drug-lab

Answer 43

Chemotherapy drugs can effect drugs more severely

Question 44

Phototoxicity

Answer 44

Immediate response of chemical reaction between drugs and light

Question 45

Pharmaceutic

Answer 45

Solid being desolved into liquid to be absorbed

Question 46

Category 1 drugs

Answer 46

Drugs judged to be both safe and effective

Question 47

Category 2

Answer 47

Drugs judged to be either unsafe or ineffective, these drugs should not be included in nonprescription products

Question 48

Category 3

Answer 48

Drugs for which there is insufficient data to judge safety and efficacy

Question 49

Five plus five rights of med administration

Answer 49

``` Right assessment Right documentation Patients right to education Right evaluation Patients right to refuse ```

Question 50

Pinocytosis

Answer 50

Cells Carey drug across membrane by engulfing the drug particles