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1022 ANATOMY > Week 9 Wrist and extensors (posterior compartment of the forearm) > Flashcards

Week 9 Wrist and extensors (posterior compartment of the forearm) Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

proximal carpal bones from lateral to medial

A
  • scaphoid: boat-shaped, largest bone in proximal row
  • lunate: moon-shaped, smooth convex palmar surface (larger than its dorsal surface)
  • triquetrum: pyramidal-shaped, circular articular surface on palmar surface
  • pisiform: pea-shaped, sesamoid bone

pisiform lies on the palmar surface of the triquetrum

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2
Q

deep fascia of forearm

A
  • antebrachial fasica
  • extensor & flexor compartment demarcated by the:
    1. subcutaneous border of ulna: proximally - posteriorly, distally - medially
    2. interosseous membrane: posteriorly
    3. medial edge of brachioradialis: laterally
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3
Q

joint classification of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A

synovial pivot joint

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4
Q

bones and articular surface of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A
  • head of ulna
  • ulnar notch
  • articular disc (TFCC)
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5
Q

fibrous capsule of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A

weak

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6
Q

synovial membrane of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A

sacciform recess

The sacciform recess is a thin extension of the articular capsule of the proximal radioulnar joint, under the anular ligament of radius.

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7
Q

ligaments of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A
  • anterior
  • posterior
  • interosseous membrane
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8
Q

movements of distal (inferior) radioulnar joint

A

pronation/ supination

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9
Q

joint classification of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

synovial condyloid joint

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10
Q

bone and articular surface of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A
  • distal end of the radius (and the articular disc)
  • proximal surface of scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
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11
Q

fibrous capsule of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

general attachment

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12
Q

synovial membrane of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

relatively lax (presents numerous folds)

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13
Q

ligaments of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A
  • palmar radiocarpal
  • dorsal radiocarpal
  • palmar ulnaocarpal
  • radial collateral
  • ulnar collateral
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14
Q

special structures of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

triangular articular disc

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15
Q

nerve supply of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A
  • anterior interosseous (median)
  • posterior interosseous (radial)
  • dorsal and deep branches (ulnar)
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16
Q

blood supply of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

dorsal and palmar carpal arches

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17
Q

movements of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A
  • flexion/ extension
  • abduction/ adduction (radial/ ulnar deviation)
  • circumduction
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18
Q

muscles groups of wrist (radiocarpal) joint

A

wrist flexors/ extensors
wrist abductors/ adductors

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19
Q

proximal and distal attachment of anconeus

A

proximal:
lateral epicondyle of humerus

distal:
- lateral surface of olecranon
- superior part of posterior surface of ulna

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20
Q

innervation of anconeus

A

radial nerve

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21
Q

muscle action of anconeus

A
  • assists triceps in extending forearm
  • stabilises elbow joint
  • may abduct ulna during pronation
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22
Q

proximal and distal attachment of brachioradialis

A

proximal:
proximal 2/3 of lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

distal:
lateral surface of distal end of radius, proximal to styloid process

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23
Q

innervation of brachioradialis

A

radial nerve (C5, 6, 7)

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24
Q

main action of brachioradialis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • relatively weak flexion of forearm
  • maximal when forearm is in midpronated position
25
proximal and distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)
proximal: **lateral** supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus distal: dorsal aspect of base of **2nd** *metacarpal*
26
innervation of ECRL
radial nerve (C6, 7)
27
main action of ECRL
- **extend and abduct hand at the wrist joint** - ECRL active during fist clenching 握拳时活跃
28
proximal and distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin) distal: dorsal aspect of base of **3rd** *metacarpal*
29
innervation of ECRB
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
30
main action of ECRB
**extend and abduct hand at wrist joint**
31
proximal and distal attachment of extensor digitorum (ED)
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin) distal: extensor expansions of *medial 4 digits*
32
innervation of extensor digitorum
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
33
main action of extensor digitorum
extends **medial 4 digits** primarily at MCP joints, secondarily at IP joints
34
proximal and distal attachment of extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin) distal: extensor expansion of *5th digit*
35
innervation of EDM
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
36
main action of EDM
extends **5th digit** primarily at MCP joint, secondarily at IP joint
37
proximal and distal attachment of extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
proximal: - **lateral epicondyle of humerus** - posterior border of ulnar via a shared aponeurosis distal: dorsal aspect of base of 5th *metacarpal*
38
innervation of ECU
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
39
main action of ECU
extends and **adducts** hand at wrist joint ## Footnote opposite to ECRL, ECRB
40
three muscles of common extensor origin
ECRB, ED, EDM
41
proximal and distal attachment of supinator
proximal: - **lateral epicondyle of humerus** - radial collateral and anular ligaments - supinator fossa - crest of ulna distal: - lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal `third` of radius
42
innervation of supinator
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)
43
main action of supinator
- supinates forearm - rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)
44
proximal and distal attachment of abductor pollicis longus (APL)
proximal: posterior surface of **proximal halves of ulna, radius** and interosseous membrane distal: base of 1st metacarpal
45
innervation of APL
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve
46
main action of APL
**abducts thumb** and extends it at CMC joint
47
proximal and distal attachment of extensor pollicus longus (EPL)
proximal: posterior surface of **middle third of ulna** and interosseous membrane distal: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
48
innervation of EPL
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve
49
main action of EPL
- extends distal phalanx of thumb *at IP joint* - **extends MCP and CPC joint**
50
proximal and distal attachment of extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)
proximal: posterior surface of **distal third of radius** and interosseous membrane distal: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
51
innervation of EPB
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve
52
main action of EPB
- extends proximal phalanx of thumb *at MCP joint* - **extends CMC joint**
53
proximal and distal attachment of extensor indicis
proximal: posterior surface of **distal third of ulnar** and interosseous membrane distal: extensor expansion of 2nd digit
54
innervation of extensor indicis
posterior interosseous membrane (C7, C8), continuation of deep branch of radial nerve
55
main action of extensor indicis
- extends 2 digit (enabling its indepedent extension) - helps extend hand at wrist
56
course and disribution of the radial nerve ## Footnote dermatomes of the extensor compartment of the forearm:**C7**
- cubital fossa: divides into **superficial and deep branches** - superficial branch - continues under **brachioradialis** - deep branch - **pierces supinator** - when **emerges** from supinator = **posterior interosseous nerve** (supply all deep extensor muscles, except supinator) ## Footnote branches of the radia nerve in the extensor compartment of the forearm: superficial: cutaneous deep branch: posterior interosseous
57
arteries of the posterior forearm
ulnar artery courses **deep to pronator teres**, gives off the **common interosseous artery**, divides in the `cubital fossa` -- **posterior interosseous artery**
58
superficial veins of the posterior forearm
cephalic, basilic vein
59
borders, roof, floor and contents of anatomical snuff box
borders: - laterally: tendon of APL, EPB - medially: tendon of EPL roof: - skin - superficial radial nerve - cephalic vein floor: - scaphoid - trapezium contents: - radial **artery**

1022 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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