Week 9 - thurs

Question 1

What is evolution and why do we care

Answer 1

Change in genetic variance overtime
-what got us from first simple cells to diversity of life and is still happening

Question 2

What are the 2 mechanisms of evolution

Answer 2

1. Natural selection
2. Neutral drift

Question 3

How does natural selection work

Answer 3

-Random mutation that is advantageous/fitter
-Heritable

Question 4

Where does the raw material for evolution

Answer 4

-Point mutations
-Structural variation (copy # variation, inversions, translocations)

Question 5

What causes point mutations and structural variation

Answer 5

-DNA damage
-mistakes in replication
-mistakes in recombination

Question 6

Fitness

Answer 6

Reproductive success in a particular environment

Question 7

Beneficial fitness

Answer 7

Variant has (+) effect on fitness

Question 8

Deleterious fitness

Answer 8

Variant has (-) effect on fitness

Question 9

Neutral fitness

Answer 9

Variant doesn’t effect fitness

Question 10

True or false: If a gene is synonymous or non-coding it is neutral

Answer 10

False
-Can’t decide if something is neutral or not based on synonymous or non coding

Question 11

True or false: Bigger genomes have higher mutation rates

Answer 11

True
-lower

Question 12

True or false: Mutation rates vary with size

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Most mutations are…(beneficial, deleterious, or neutral)

Answer 13

Deleterious