Week 9 - Reproductive System Flashcards
What are some relevant nursing actions?
- Urethral catheterisation
- Urinalysis, urine collection
- Fluid balance chart
- Blood pressure assessment, recording
- Perineal care.
Name the three male reproductive accessory organs (glands)
- Seminal Vesicle (2)
- Prostate (1)
- Bulbo -Urethral (2)
Identify how the prostate gland can be examined digitally
Per rectum (pr) digital examination
What is the function of Epididymis?
Coiled tubules that sit on top of the testes
What is the function of Seminiferous?
Tightly coiled tubules that produce sperm
What is the function of Cremaster Muscle?
Elevates testes to maintain their correct temperature
What is the function of Sperm?
Composed of a head, body and tail
What is the function of Testes?
Structure that produces sperm and testosterone
What is the function of Prepuce?
Piece of skin that is circumcised
What is the function of Corpus Cavernosa?
Erectile tissue that makes up most of the penis
What is the function of Corpus Spongiosum?
Erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra
What is the function of Intersitial?
Cells that secrete testosterone
Name the uterine layer that sloughs off during menses
Functional layer of endometrium
Describe how a sperm or microorganism could enter the pelvic cavity
No anatomical continuity between end of uterine tube and ovary
Describe the medical aim of a PAP smear
Scrape of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelial cells from cervix for detection of cancer cells
Describe the location of the corpus luteum
Ovary
Describe the composition of the corpus luteum
Lipid (cholesterol)
Describe the function of the corpus luteum
- Produce steroid hormones
- Oestrogen stimulates rebuilding of endometrium
- Progesterone stimulates thickening of endometrium
Describe how taking a contraceptive pill high in oestrogen and progesterone would influence a women’s ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycle
- Release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary would be switched off
- Ovarian cycle would cease
Females that are underweight often cease having menstrual cycles (amenorrhea). Briefly discuss the endocrine connection between body fat, the brain and the uterine (menstrual) cycle and the implications for pregnancy
- Adipose secretes leptin
- If leptin is low, hypothalamus will shut off ovarian cycle by not releasing gonadotropin releasing hormone
The prostate encircles the prostatic urethra like a doughnut. Describe how an enlarged prostate would disrupt the flow of urine from the bladder
- Dysuria
- Urinary retention
Describe the three boundaries of the female perineum
- Pubic symphysis
- Ischial tuberosities
- Coccyx
Looking at the figure above, describe why you think a pregnant woman may feel the need to micturate frequently
- Enlarged uterus will place pressure on urinary bladder
In the second year of this nursing program you will be taught how to insert a catheter into the urethra of a female patient. Place in the correct anatomical order (numbering 1 to 4) the following structures that are found within the perineum, starting from anterior to posterior
1 - Clitoris
2 - Urethral meatus
3 - Vaginal Orifice
4 - Anus
List six statements about reproduction.
- Meiosis takes place in the seminiferous tubules
- Two ductus deferens link the scrotum with the pelvic cavity
- Pampiniform plexus reduces the temperature of arterial blood in the testes
- Uterine tubes are not attached to the ovaries
- Urethral meatus is anterior to the vaginal orifice
- Functional layer of endometrium is shed every menses
The vitamin folate (‘leaf’, folic acid if synthetically produced) functions as a coenzyme in DNA and protein synthesis and mitosis. Consequently, the need for folate increases anywhere cells are growing and dividing e.g., pregnancy. Like vitamin B12, the absorption of folate into the body is dependent on a functioning digestive tract. This is especially important for folate since a deficiency means the epithelial cells of the intestinal lining will not be replaced (4-to-5-day turnover) and other nutrients will not be absorbed.
1. Identify the option that contains the richest sources of folate
- Broccoli
- Spinach
- Asparagus
- Avocado
- Oranges
- Bananas
- Legumes
The delivery of a baby includes a vaginal or caesarean birth. However, a vaginal delivery is preferred due to the seeding of the baby’s microbiota from the mothers ______. Beyond delivery, breast feeding is recommended due to the ______ present in human breast milk that have been tailored by nature to nourish the baby’s microbiota. Baby formula is an industrially constructed ultra processed ‘product’ that should only be considered if breast feeding is not an option
Vagina; oligosaccharides
