week 9 MRO (Mod 11) Flashcards
An animal or plant that nourishes another organism is termed a:
host
An infection that results from an intervention or treatment by a physician is classified as:
iatrogenic
Strep throat is caused by a:
bacteria
Which infection-causing agent can only reproduce within a living cell?
virus
Which type of infection is increasing in immunocompromised patients?
mycotic
true/false: Health care workers are at an increased risk to contract HIV through occupational exposure as compared to workers outside of health care.
false
Which type of hepatitis virus is of primary concern to health care workers?
Hepatitis B
Which type of hepatitis virus is usually transmitted via feces-contaminated food or water?
Hepatitis A
an inanimate object that has been contaminated by an infectious agent, such as the x-ray table.
fomite
an arthropod that harbors an infectious agent in its body, e.g., a mosquito or tick.
vector
Blood-borne pathogens of concern to health care workers are:
HIV, Hepatitis B and C
The most common occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens is:
needlestick injury
Health care workers can protect themselves from exposure to airborne pathogens by:
wearing special filter masks
Which of the following pathogens is classified as airborne?
Tuberculosis
Hepatitis B
HIV
Pneumonia
TB
In terms of the cycle of infection, any environment in which a pathogen can flourish is termed a:
reservoir
What population is at the greatest risk as a susceptible host?
immunocompromised patients
Which of the following is the mode of transmission for E. coli bacteria?
contact
The practice of separating infectious patients from others and carefully controlling items that come in contact with these patients is called:
transmission based precautions
Before entering the room of a patient who is under protective precautions, the first step is to:
perform hand hygiene
A patient who is under airborne precautions is transported to the radiology department. Which of the following statements applies?
the patient must wear a mask
A system of protective guidelines used to protect against disease transmission defines:
Standard Precautions
According to Standard Precautions, personal barriers can be worn to protect the:
(1) skin
(2) eyes
(3) respiratory system
1, 2, and 3
When performing a mobile chest x-ray on a patient under contact precautions, which of the following statements would apply?
- The patient should wear a mask.
- The imaging equipment should be cleaned before entering the patient’s room.
- The IR should be covered with a fluid-resistant barrier.
- The radiographer should wear a special filter mask.
The IR should be covered with a fluid-resistant barrier.
Which type of transmission-based precautions would be used on a patient with influenza?
Droplet
While performing mobile radiography on a patient with MRSA, which of the following should you wear?
(1) gown
(2) gloves
(3) filter mask
1 and 2
What type of precautions would be used when working with a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma?
Cancers do not require transmission-based precautions.
The process of decreasing the number of infectious agents present in an environment defines:
medical asepsis
Destruction of pathogens by chemical means is termed:
disinfection
How often should the x-ray table be cleaned?
after every procedure
How often should countertops and other work areas be cleaned?
twice a day
The recommended duration for lathering hands during hand hygiene is:
10-15 seconds
Which of the following would apply when disposing of linens that are visibly soiled with blood?
(1) Pour blood-contaminated areas with 1:10 bleach solution.
(2) Wear gloves to handle linens.
(3) Dispose of linens in biohazard container
2 and 3
Which of the following disinfectants is recommended to prevent the spread of HIV?
1:10 solution of bleach and water
Hibiclens®
Lysol®
Acetic acid
1:10 solution of bleach and water
Which of the following is the proper method to disinfect an x-ray table after a procedure?
Disinfect from the least contaminated area to the most contaminated area.
true/false: Alcohol-based hand rubs are more effective for killing microbes than soap and water hand washing.
true
what is the most common type of sterilization?
moist heat
An autoclave is a device that_____________ and is the ________________ method of sterilization.
provides steam under pressure, most efficient and convenient
what can an autoclave/moist heat sterilization sterilize?
noncorrosive metals and glass
Dry heat, such as the heat achieved in an oven, may be used to sterilize __________________________
sharp instruments or other items sensitive to moisture.
dry heat requires ________ and _________ than moist heat.
much more time and higher temperatures
Dry heat sterilizers have a limited use because certain items, such as _____, cannot be sterilized in them due to _____________________
plastics, the increased time required.
____________ is used for items that cannot withstand the high temperatures or moisture needed for dry or moist heat methods
gas sterilization
gas sterilization is used for items that cannot withstand the high temperatures or moisture needed for ____________
dry or moist heat methods
Gas sterilization is primarily used for ________________________
electrical, plastic, and rubber items
gas sterilization method is highly effective, but the ___________________.
gases used are highly toxic
The newer and safer method of gas sterilization is termed ____________________
gas plasma technology
in gas plasma technology, ______________ kill the microorganisms, then are converted into _____________
free radicals, nontoxic byproducts
gas plasma cannot be used on_______________ or on _________________
instruments with long, narrow lumina, cellulose materials such as paper, cotton, or linen
________________ involves the immersion and soaking of items in a germicidal solution. Then after an appropriate amount of time, they are rinsed in ________
Chemical sterilization, sterile water
_________ sterilization is the least effective and the least reliable.
chemical
what is the temp range for autoclave?
250-275F
what is the temp range for conventional gas?
135F
what gases are used in conventional gas sterilization?
Freon, ethylene oxide
