Week 9: Forensic Psychology

Question 1

The 2 most effective techniques for questioning are…

Answer 1

Free recall

Open questions

Question 2

What is the main reason that people confess to crimes?

Answer 2

1. They believe there is enough evidence to prove them guilty.
2. The confession allows them to explain their offence more and gather sympathy

Question 3

An orderly crime scene could indicate…

Answer 3

An older offender and organized.
Extensive experience with the police
eg. brought own weapon, left little evidence

Question 4

We can make inferences about an offender with 2 things:

Answer 4

1. The way they commit the offence

2. The way they leave the crime scene

Question 5

A disorderly crime scene might indicate…

Answer 5

A younger offender and disorganized (possibly due to alcohol, drugs or mental impairment)
eg. used a brick at the scene and left it there

Question 6

What sort of rape profiling behaviour:
Rapist is interested only in own pleasure.
No concern for victim’s feelings and comfort.
Verbally offensive, abusive, threatening
Physically - often aggressive towards genitals, anal sex then fellatio etc

Answer 6

selfish rape behaviour

Question 7

What sort of rape profiling behaviour:
Verbally apologises, reassures, demeans himself, interest in personal life
Physically - minimal force, shows weapon but rarely uses

Answer 7

pseudo-unselfish behaviour

Question 8

What is the structured assessment tool used to assess the likelihood of an individual committing a sexual offence?

Answer 8

The Sexual Violence Risk-20

Question 9

Sexual deviation represents an increased risk of…

Answer 9

sexual offending

Question 10

This condition is characterised by manipulation of others, lack of empathy and remorse and extensive offending.

Answer 10

psychopathy

Question 11

What other conditions result in an increased risk of sexual offending?

Answer 11

• Major mental illness
• Homicidal ideation
• Relationship problems
• Substance abuse problems
• Employment problems
• Non-sexual violent past offences
• Multiple sex offence types
• Past supervision failures

Question 12

The idea of crime being learned by association with other criminally inclined people in close personal groups is labelled as…

Answer 12

Differential association theory

Question 13

One group that commited 6 times more serious offences and 28 times more multiple offences were those with…

Answer 13

ADHD

Question 14

Low activity in brain areas controlling planning, strategies, impulsive behaviour, reading and mathematics are found in people who have…

Answer 14

Committed compulsive murder of strangers.

Question 15

What are some of the types of stalkers?

Answer 15

Rejected stalker (most common), intimacy seeker, incompetent suitor, resentful stalker, predatory stalker (most dangerous).

Question 16

Discuss the rape typology - Power reassurance type

Answer 16

The rape is viewed as a relationship with the victim.
Tend to be serial offenders.
Are seeking affirmation of masculinity and power.
‘pseudo-selfish’ rapist

Question 17

Discuss the rape typology - Power assertive type

Answer 17

Sexually confident, use charm to lure a victim which ends in violence and aggression (‘switch’ character)
Selfish category of rapist.
Harder to prosecute due to victim entering situation of own free will.

Question 18

Discuss the rape typology - Anger retaliatory type

Answer 18

Uses victims to vent anger (victims may share characteristics of the person they are angry at)
Rapid ‘blitz’ attack.
‘Selfish’ rape approach

Question 19

Discuss the rape typology - Anger excitement type

Answer 19

Enjoys the fear and suffering produced
Meticulously planned, often lead to homicide of the victim
Selfish rape approach

Question 20

All psychopathic individuals can also be diagnosed with…

Answer 20

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

Question 21

Over 90% of sexual and serial killers in the US are diagnosed with…

Answer 21

psychopathy

Question 22

Treating psychopathy is controversial, because…

Answer 22

the ‘sufferer’ rarely suffers

Question 23

Discuss psychoopaths and treatment

Answer 23

They are often resistant to therapy and will manipulate the therapeutic treatment to their advantage and subvert the treatment of others.

Question 24

What stalker typology is this?

Knows the victim often through media and believes the victim loves them.

Answer 24

Love obesessional subtype

Question 25

What stalker typology is this?

The most common sort of stalker, often seeking retribution over perceived mistreatment.

Answer 25

simple obsessional subtype

Question 26

What stalker typology is this?
A` rare form, usually a female who is under the delusion that the victim loves them. Victim is often in a position of power or superiority.

Answer 26

The eromaniac subtype

Question 27

Hans Eyesenck coined the term

Answer 27

Biological positivism

Question 28

Kretschmere believed that personality type was related to…

Answer 28

body build (3 somatypes)

Question 29

Committing a crime when you are ‘mens rea’ means…

Answer 29

you were of a sound mind when you did it

Question 30

Eyesenck’s extroverted personality type was split into 2 sub types…

Answer 30

Impulsiveness (which contained criminal traits) and sociability

Question 31

Eyesenck made no situationalist allowances for personality and criminal traits, such as…

Answer 31

Contextual changes
Personality changes
Effects of labelling

Question 32

From a psychodynamic perspective, Freud related crime with…

Answer 32

A weak superego

Question 33

Bowlby associated maternal deprivation with…

Answer 33

Affectionless psychopathy

Question 34

Evolutionary theories of crime seek _________ instead of proxemic explantions.

Answer 34

Ultimate explanations