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Mental Health > Week 9: Clients living with substance related disorders and concurrent disorders > Flashcards

Week 9: Clients living with substance related disorders and concurrent disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder

A

pattern of 2+ of the following behaviours in a 12 month period:
- impaired control
- social impairment
- risky use
- pharmacological categories

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2
Q

Impaired control diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder

A
  • taking substance in larger amounts or for longer time
  • desire to cut down or stop using substance but can’t
  • spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance
  • cravings and urges to use
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3
Q

social impairment diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder

A
  • not managing to fulfill obligations at work, home, shcool
  • conintuing to use even when it causes interpersonal problems
  • giving up important social, occupational, activities because substance use
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4
Q

risky use diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder

A
  • using substance in a dangerous or physically hazardous way
  • continuing to use despite knowing it is worsening a medical or psychological problem
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5
Q

pharmacological categories diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder

A
  • tolerance (needing more to get effect)
  • withdrawal (bad physical effects when substance use is stopped)
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6
Q

6 C’s of substance use disorder

A
  • loss of control
  • cravings
  • unable to cut down
  • compulsive use
  • physical and social consequences
  • continued to use despite harm
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7
Q

opioid intoxication (3)

A
  • decreased RR & BP
  • drowsy
  • impaired attention, memory, judgment
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8
Q

opioid overdose

A
  • respiratory depression
  • coma
  • shock
  • convulsions
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9
Q

opioid withdrawal

A
  • N/V/D
  • muscle aches
  • sweating
  • insomnia
  • lacrimation
  • agitation
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10
Q

6 signs of opioid overdose

A
  • pinpoint pupils
  • unconsciousness
  • shallow/slow breathing
  • pale skin
  • blue lips
  • snoring/rasping breath
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11
Q

opioid long-term behavioural effects of opioid dependence (4)

A
  • addiction
  • tolerance
  • dependence
  • mood swings
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12
Q

opioid long-term respiratory effects of opioid dependence (2)

A
  • difficulty breathing
  • slowed breathing
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13
Q

opioid long-term extremities effects of opioid dependence

A

swelling

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14
Q

opioid long-term trauma/infections effects of opioid dependence (2)

A
  • hepatitis
  • HIV/AIDS
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15
Q

opioid long-term psychiatric/neuro effects of opioid dependence (6)

A
  • depression
  • hallucinations
  • confusion/reduced concentration
  • drowsiness
  • headache
  • dizzy
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16
Q

opioid long-term cardiovascular effects of opioid dependence (2)

A
  • arrhythmia
  • infection of cardiac lining/valves
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17
Q

opioid long-term gastro/hepatic effects of opioid dependence

A
  • N/V
  • constipation
  • reduced liver function
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18
Q

opioid long-term dermatologic effects of opioid dependence (2)

A
  • hives/rash
  • hyperhidrosis
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19
Q

Alcohol intoxication

A
  • impairment of inhibition and control
  • emotional lability
  • impaired motor and cognitive functioning
20
Q

alcohol overdose

A
  • respiratory depression
  • coma
  • shock
  • convulsions
21
Q

alcohol withdrawal (7)

A
  • N/V
    -tremor
  • auditory/tactile disturbances
  • agitation
  • autonomic (increase BP & HR)
  • seizures
  • delirium
22
Q

Alcohol serious withdrawal symptoms (10% of people)

A
  • fever
  • hypertension
  • hyperthermia
  • increase HR
  • seizure
  • tremors
23
Q

alcohol neurologic comorbidities

A
  • wernicke’s encephalopathy (degenerative brain disorder caused by lack of vitamin B1)
  • Korsakoff syndrome (memory disorder, also B1)
  • mood swings & dementia
24
Q

alcohol gastrointestinal comorbidities

A
  • esophagitis
  • GI bleeding and ulcers
  • esophageal varices
  • Vomiting
25
Q

alcohol liver comorbidities

A
  • swollen
  • cirrhosis (spider angioma)
  • hepatitis
26
Q

alcohol systemic comorbidities

A
  • increases insulin sensitivity
  • behaviour changes
27
Q

alcohol heart comorbidities

A
  • irregular heart rate
  • strokes
  • high BP
28
Q

alcohol lungs comorbidities

A
  • breathing difficulties
  • lower level of nitric oxide
29
Q

alcohol muscular comorbidities

A
  • weakness
  • muscle wasting
30
Q

alcohol pancreas comorbidities

A

pancreatitis

31
Q

Acute interventions for overdosing/poisoning

A

A - airway (choking, vomiting)
B - breathing (RR, SpO2, oxygenation support)
C - circulation (perfusion, body temperature, fluid balance)
D - disability (neurological, GCS, seizures)
E - examination (other exam findings , injuries)

32
Q

Goal of acute interventions for overdose

A

stabilize and support physiological systems. MEDICAL emergency !!!!!!

33
Q

antidote for opioid overdose

A
  • naloxen
34
Q

antidote for acetaminophen overdose

A

N acetylcysteine

35
Q

antidode for benzodiazepines overdose

A

flumazenil

36
Q

antidote for alcohol overdose

A

activated charcoal/gastric lavage

37
Q

goal for withdrawal

A

stabilize and support physiological systems

38
Q

interventions for withdrawal

A
  • physiological (fever, nausea, pain, diarrhea, sweating)
  • psychological (depression, anxiety, irritability)
  • safety (agitation, aggression)
39
Q

Opiate withdrawal timeline

A
  • start
  • 72 hours (physical symptoms at peak)
  • 1 week (physical S start to lessen)
  • 2 week (psychological and emotional symptoms)
  • 1 month (cravings and depression)
40
Q

medications to treat alcohol withdrawal

A
  • thiamine (treats vitamin deficiencies that lead to ataxia)
  • Folic acid multivitamins (vit defencies)
  • benzodiazepines (treat elevated BP, HR, and tremors)
41
Q

medications to treat opioid withdrawal

A
  • methadone, buprenorphine, Suboxone (tapering to control symptoms)
  • clonidine (treat with abrupt cessation, monitor for orthostatic hypotension
42
Q

medication assisted treatment goals

A
  • aversion therapy, craving reduction therapy , replacement therapy
  • for opioid use it support ongoing withdrawal and tapering
43
Q

methadone treatment

A
  • synthetic opioid
  • 1-20 years
  • risk of misuse
44
Q

Suboxone treatment

A
  • partial opiod agonist
  • long-acting opioid (buprenophrine) combined with naloxone to prevent misuse
45
Q

side effects of methadone and Suboxone

A
  • constipation
  • sweating
  • dry mouth
  • drowsy
  • light-headed
  • N/V
  • weight gain

Mental Health (9 decks)

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