Week 9 - Bites and Stings Flashcards
Sources of Bites and Stings?
Humans
Animals
insects
Reptiles
Fish
What is a Zoonosis?
Where do zoonotic pathogens come from? AND how can they spread?
an infectious disease that has jumped from a non-human animal to humans
bacterial, viral or parasitic, or may
involve unconventional agents and can spread to humans through direct contact or through food, water or the environment
Rabies Info
What are the early findings?
What’s the treatment plan?
Most often from a bite of an infected animal (bats are common host)
Fatal but preventable
Rabies caused 17,400 human deaths worldwide in 2015
Few survive once symptoms present
Fever
Headache
Dysphagia
^Drooling
Muscle spams/wakness
Strange behavior
Wash any wound from an animal thoroughly with soap and water
and seek medical attention immediately.
Must be administered before onset of symptoms. (Transport Decision)
Many people only live 7 days after symptoms if a potent rabies vaccine is not administered
What are rabies late findings?
Restlessness
Paralysis
Hallucinations
Seizures
Coma
Death
What domestice animals could bite - causing issues?
What wild animals might bite - causing issues?
Dogs/cats
Rats
Mice
Hamsters
Ferrets
Raccoons
Fox
Coyote
Bats
Bat Info
Most rabies infections in the USA come from Bats
Some people may be unaware they have been bitten.
Bites can happen while you are sleeping.
Spiders
Black Widow Signs and Symptoms?
Treatment Plan?
worse in children and seniors
painful with tiny puncture wound at the site
Local swelling
Muscle cramping specifically on limb bitten - can move centrally
Potential for SOB
Mimics of appedicitis/cardiac chest pain
Clean area with soap and water
Offer pain control
Narcotics and muscle relaxants may be part of the treatment
In severe cases there is an Antivenin
Tetanus status / Booster may be warranted
Spiders
Brown recluse spider venom
Wolf Spider
the venom of a brown recluse spider can cause a severe lesion by destroying skin tissue (skin necrosis)
a spider native to Canada and while it can sometimes look frightening, it is generally harmless.
They bite only when threatened and their venom causes only mild redness or swelling.
Spiders
Show me the Spider Chart
Snakes
Show me the 4 Common American Venomous Snakes
Snakes
What are the 4 Canadian Venomous Snakes?
Explain Massasauga Rattlesnake bites
Norther Pacific Rattlesnake
Massasauga Rattlesnake
Desert Nightsnake
Prairie Rattlesnake
can be very painful and is potentially life threatening. But, because of the snake’s elusive and shy behavior, people rarely are bitten by them - their venom is more toxic but a smaller quanitity than most rattlesnakes
Snakes
Explain Prairie Rattlesnake
located in Southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan
Show me snake bite treatment?
Bites from prairie rattlesnakes are rarely fatal in humans because the snakes are relatively
small and do not possess the amount and potency of venom required to quickly kill a human
Scorpians
Are they seen as a threat to humans?
What is the Death Stalker?
The only Deadly Scorpian located in united states?
No
very bright yellow color with a
distinctive pattern on its exterior
The Arizona bark scorpion
the fat-tailed scorpion
(Androctonus australis) - Southwest asia
The Brazilian yellow scorpion - causes death in children
Show me antiserum
Ticks and Lime Disease
How is it transmitted?
When do the symptoms arise?
What are the sings and symptoms?
What’s the treatment method?
What’s the prevention method?
(show me the ticks general locations)
through the blacklegged tick
between three days and one month after being bitten by an infected tick
fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, fatigue and a red “bull’s eye” rash - which is NOT always present
Give before 72h after bite mark
Oral antibiotics -approx. 4wk
No vaccine
Avoid tick bites by using insect repellent when outdoors
Wear long sleeved tops and long pants when in wooded areas
Remove ticks from the body as soon as possible
Removing tick habitats from around the home (keep wild grasses and trees trimmed back)
Remember to check your pets!
Show me bed bugs
