Week 8: Reptilian Flashcards
snakes and lizards are also know as ______
squamata
alligators and crocodiles are also known as ______
Crocodilia
turtles and tortoises are also known as ______
chelonian
tuataras are also known as ______
Rhynococephalia
Reptiles self defense
claws, venomous biting and whipping tales
what is the difference between amphibians and reptiles
amphibians are born with gills
reptiles are born with lungs
reptiles skin texture
dry, hard and scaly. presence of skin under scales
reptiles eggs are
hard and leathery that are laid on land
reptiles chambers in the heart
three with the wall between the ventricles being incomplete
________ animals are unable to generate body heat internally. Their body temp depends on the __________
Ectothermic
temp of the environment
What is POTZ
preferred optimal temperature zone
What type of skin do reptiles have
keratinized skin
_______ are bony plates within dermis of some lizards and cocodilians
osteoderms
_____ are fomed by epidermal folds in most reptiles
scales
______ is the modified skin that covers the eyes of reptiles
Brille (spectacle)
_____ is the shedding of skin
Ecdysis
Reptiles - iris made up of skeletal muscle is __________
under voluntary control
Reptilian blood cells are _____ and ______
oval and nucleated
even with lungs, reptiles are capable of ______________
surviving long periods without breathing
reptiles pulmonary tissues have a ____________ and is the site of ________
honeycomb appearance
site of gas exchange
______ is a simple, saclike lung
Unicameral lung
The cranial portion of the unicameral lung is the ________
site of gas exchange
The caudal portion of the unicameral lung is the ___________
avascular, comparable to avian air sac
The part of the lung that has many compartments is the _________
multicameral lung
The part of the lung that has the characteristics of both unicameral and multicameral lung is the _______
Paucicameral lung
Reptiles do not have a ________ as a part of their respiratory system
diaphragm
Where are the ears of reptiles located
both sides of the head, usually caudal to the eys
_______ is the single bone in middle ear of reptiles
Columella
Snakes have no external ears. T/F
True
What type of eaters are reptiles
Carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous
Chameleons- how do they catch their prey
specialized projectile tongues
Some snakes and lizard have a modified salivary gland called ______
venom glands
In some snakes and lizard venom acts as a _________
digestive enzyme
teeth that arise from sockets in skull bones are ______
they are found in what type of reptile
Thecodont dentition
crocodilians
teeth attached to medial aspect of periosteum on mandibles and maxillae
and they are found in what reptiles
pleurodont dentition
snakes and iguanid lizards
teeth fused to biting edge of mandible and maxillae
and they are found in what reptile
Acrodont dentition
some lizards
How many rows of teeth do snakes have
6
What type of snakes a specialized dentition
venomous snakes
how is venom forced out through the fang
contraction of muscles around venom glands
in rattlesnake envenomation hemotoxin is a
blood coagulant
in rattlesnake envenomation Neurotoxin is a
nerve poison
in rattlesnake envenomation Necrotoxin
destroys tissue
in rattlesnake envenomation Cardiotoxins and Myotoxins
paralyze muscle
Reptilian herbivores have a ________ intestinal tract than carnivores
longer
______ is the site of hindgut fermentation in herbivorous lizards and chelonians
Cecae
Some reptilian species do not have _________
urinary bladders
Reptiles are able to concentrate urine as mammals do T/F
F they can not
Reptiles can absorb water from urine through the ________, ________, or _______
wall of the urinary bladder, rectum, or cloaca
in reptile reproductive cycle the development and maturation of follicles. (eggs)
Vitellogenesis
Sex determination in reptiles is determined by
genotype or temperature at which eggs are incubated
female reptile sex chromosomes are
male reptile sex chromosomes are
heterozygous (ZW)
homozygous (ZZ)
What determines the sex in crocodilleans and lizards
incubation temperatures
high=male
What forms the articulation between skull and spine in reptiles
a single occipital condyle
______ is the defense mechanism where lizards and salamanders discard their tail to distract a predator
tail autonomy
The species capable of tail autonomy have ________ along which the tail breaks
fracture planes
