Digestive System Flashcards
What are the functions of the digestive tract?
prehension, mastication, chemical digestion of food, absorption of water and nutrients, and elimination of wastes
What is the structure of the digestive tract composed of?
mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer, serosa, and mesentery
What is peristalsis?
wave like movement along the tract, propels digestive tract contents along the tube ahead of them.
What do segmental contractions do?
mixes digestive tract contents and slows their movement through the tract.
What does the buccal cavity consist of?
lips, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, hard palate, soft palate. and oropharynx
what are the 3 types of salivary glands?
parotid, mandibular, and sublingual
What is the dental formula for an adult canine?
I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3
what is the dental formula for an adult feline?
I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1
What is the dental formula for an adult equine?
I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3-4/3, M 3/3
What is the dental formula for an adult Porcine?
I 3/3, C1/1, P 4/4, M 3/3
what is the dental formula for an adult bovine?
I 0/3, C 0/1, P 3/3, M 3/3
What are the oral cavity functions?
prehend food, initiate mastication, initiate chemical digestion, prepare food for swallowing
What are 3 digestive enzymes?
amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate and phosphate
with digestive enzymes parasympathetic stimulation __?_____ salvation
increases
with digestive enzymes sympathetic nervous system stimulation __?_____ salvation
decreases
What are the 5 different areas of the monogastric stomach?
cardia, fundus, body, pyloric antrum, pyloris
what is the cardia?
opening from the esophagus
what is the fundus?
distensible blind pouch; expands as more food is swallowed
what is the body?
distensible middle section
what are the 3 gastric glands?
parietal, chief, mucous
what does the pyloric antrum do?
grinds up swallowed food, regulates hydrochloric acid
what does the pylorus do?
regulates the movement of chime from the stomach into the duodenum
Fundus and body _____ with swallowing food
relax
body of stomach ________ to help mix food
contracts
pyloric antrum _______ contractions in response to swallowing
increases
What does gastrin do?
increases production of hydrochloric acid, inhibits muscle activity of the fundus
what does Secretin do?
can cause fundus to relax, inhibit peristalsis of the body and slow gastric emptying
what is CCK?
Cholecystokinin; released in response to large amounts of fats or protein in duodenum; decreases contractions of the antrum, body and fundus.
what does pepsinogen do?
breaks down proteins
what does intrinsic factor do?
important for absorption of b12 in some animals
What is rumination?
regurgitation of food to chew on it more before swallowing it again
what are the parts of a ruminants stomach?
abomasum, reticulum, rumen, omasum
newborn ruminants have what type of digestive system?
monogastric
the small intestine consists of?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ileocecal sphincter
what are the five pancreatic proteases?
trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase
what are the components of the large intestine?
cecum, colon, rectum
what animals have hind gut digestion?
rabbit, guinea pigs, rats, and horses
what are the restrictive areas of the digestive system?
choke, thoracic inlet, cardia sphincter, pyloric sphincter, ileocecal junction and anal sphincter
what are the digestive system functions of the body?
filtration of materials absorbed from GI tract, production of bile, production of proteins, storage and metabolism of glucose, amino acid, storage for blood, vitamins, removes particulate material and bacteria from blood.
what % of blood entering the liver is venous blood from the portal vein (in animals)?
75%
what % of blood entering the liver is arterial blood from the hepatic artery (in animals)?
25%
