Week 8 - Goal Setting and Concentration Flashcards
What is a goal
the object of a person’s ambition or effort; an aim or desired result.
What are subjective goals
are general statements of intent e.g having fun or doing your best
What are objective goals
attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task, usually in a specified time (more common in sport & exercise)
What are outcome goals
focus is on a competitive result of an event (e.g winning)
What are performance goals
focus is on achieving standards of performance or objectives independently of other competitors (comparing own previous performance)
What are process goals
focus is on the actions an individual must engage in during performance to execute/perform well
What are the principles of goal setting
set; specific, moderately difficult but realistic, LT and ST, performance, process and outcome goals, practice and competition goals
What are the principles of goal setting (continued)
record goals and develop goal achievement strategies, consider participants’ personalities and motivations, foster an individuals goal commitment, provide goal support, provide evaluation and feedback
What is goal evaluation
refers to the refinement of a goal to assess whether the goal was delivered in a satisfactory manner and if it was effective.
What does SMARTS stand for
Specific, Measurable, Action oriented, Realistic, Timely and Self-determined
What are the stages of designing a goal-setting system
preparation and planning, education and acquisition and implementation and follow up
What is concentration
refers to a person’s ability to exert deliberate mental effort (attention) on what is most important in a given situation.
What are the 4 components of concentration
1) focusing on relevant environmental cues (selective attention), 2) maintaining attentional focus
3) situation awareness
4) shifting attentional focus when necessary.
What are the information processing based theories and models of attention.
single channel theory, variable allocation theory and a multiple resource pool.
Single-channel theory
information is processed through a single and fixed capacity channel
variable allocation theory
is flexible - individuals can choose where they would like to focus their attention.
multiple resource pool
attention is distributed throughout the nervous system (like microprocessors) each one has its own unique capabilities and resource-performance relationship
attentional selectivity
some information goes into the processing system while other information is screened/ignored
attentional capacity
attention is limited in the amount of information that can be processed at one time
controlled processing
mental processing that involves conscious attention and awareness.
automatic processing
mental processing w/o conscious attention
attentional alertness
the degree of attention that we can apply to a task - increases in emotional arousal (narrows attentional field)
what is choking
is an attentional process that leads to impaired performance and the inability to retain control over performance.
What is self talk
any statement/thought about yourself - increased motivation/memory
The 6 rules for creating effective self talk
have concise phrases, use first person and present tense, construct positive phrases, say phrases with meaning and attention, be empathetic and compassionate about yourself and repeat phrases often
How to improve concentration on site
use simulations and cue works, employ nonjudgemental thinking, establish routines, develop competition plans, over learn skills
5 step approach to developing pre-performance routines
1) videotaping
2) clarifying behaviour meaning
3) developing focus and function for each behavioural component
4) routine construction and agreement
5) practice-integration
