Week 8: Epidemiology

Question 1

define endemic

Answer 1

a disease constantly present in an environment

Question 2

define epidemic

Answer 2

an unusually high number of cases in a population

Question 3

define pandemic

Answer 3

when the disease spreads across continents

Question 4

define outbreak

Answer 4

a group of cases occurring during a brief time affecting a specific population

Question 5

name some reservoirs of disease (5)

Answer 5

humans, soil, water, vectors, poultry

Question 6

what is a reservoir?

Answer 6

a suitable habitat where the pathogen lives and can be spread from

Question 7

what is the difference between a vector and a vehicle?

Answer 7

vector: living
vehicle: nonliving

Question 8

name a few modes of transmission (5)

Answer 8

air, fecal/oral, physical contact, water, fomites

Question 9

what is a fomite?

Answer 9

inanimate object

Question 10

name a factors of infectious organism affecting spread (3)

Answer 10

virulence factors, incubation period, infectious dose

Question 11

list some host factors that affect spread (6)

Answer 11

immunity, healthy, cultural practices, gender, geography, genetics

Question 12

how to calculate attack rate?

Answer 12

10 sick that ate / 100 people that ate

Question 13

significance of attack rate?

Answer 13

higher attack rate ratio = greater likelihood that the material in question is at fault