Week 8 (Alternative Approaches to Intelligence)

Question 1

Hot and cold intelligences

Answer 1

Contemporary model of intelligence
Hot intelligence: types of ability that encompass an array of non-cognitive traits (i.e, the ability to interact with others in social situations)
Cold intelligence: More analytic, i.e, solving complex mathematical problems

Question 2

What do alternative models assume about intelligence

Answer 2

-IQ is not everything
-Interpersonal skills are independent of cognitive abilities
-Interpersonal skills are more important in real life than academic abilities
-Interpersonal skills should be conceptualised as a form of ability or intelligence

Question 3

Thorndike (1920)

Answer 3

Social intelligence
-Act wisely in interpersonal relations

Question 4

Gardner (1983)

Answer 4

Multiple intelligences
-Traditional intelligences, plus, bodily, social, musical skills

Question 5

Sternberg (1985)

Answer 5

Triarchic theory
-Traditional intelligence, plus, creative and practical

Question 6

Salvovey, Mayer, Goleman (1990)

Answer 6

Emotional intelligence
-Identity and manage own and other’s emotions

Question 7

Multiple intelligences findings

Answer 7

-Challenged the notion of g
-Each intelligence resides In separate areas of brain, each intelligence is separate
-Interact and work together
-Individual expression f the intelligence may be different
-Education system biased towards logical-mathematical

Question 8

Visser conclusions on multiple intelligences

Answer 8

-Contradicts notion that there are 8 independent intelligences, many of the tests intercorrelated, all except bodily-kinaesthetic and musical correlated with g.

Question 9

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory

Answer 9

-Skill is capitalising on your strengths and compensating for, or correcting your weaknesses
-Can do this by adapting, shaping, selecting
THREE COMPONENTS
-Analytical
-Practical
-Creative

Question 10

Analytical intelligence (Triarchic theory)

Answer 10

AKA Componential subtheory
-Metacomponents: Mental mechanisms used to solve a problem, recognise a problem, determine the nature of a problem, develop strategies to solve a problem, allocate resources, monitor success, evaluate success
-Performance components: Process used to solve a problem
-Knowledge acquisition components: Processes involved in acquiring and learning new material
Selective: encoding, combination, and comparison.

Question 11

Practical intelligence (Triarchic theory)

Answer 11

AKA Context subtheory
Practical application of metacomponents, performance components and knowledge-acquisition components.
-Adaption
-Shaping
-Selection

Question 12

Creative intelligence (Triarchic theory)

Answer 12

AKA Experimental subtheory
-Experience
-Novelty: Ability to deal with novel situations, utilising novel experiences to learn
-Automisation- Ability to deal effectively and quickly with situations/ tasks previously experienced.

Question 13

Triarchis theory simplified

Answer 13

Analytical: Skills used to analyse, evaluate, judge, compare and contrast

Practical: Skills used to implement, apply or put into practice ideas in real world contexts

Creative: Skill used to: create, invent discover, imagine, suppose,o r hypothesise

Question 14

Emotional intelligence

Answer 14

-Not a model of intelligence but a different way of thinking about intelligence
-Ability to recognise your own and others emotions and regulate your emotions
-May explain why successful individuals often not classically intelligent

Question 15

Emotional intelligence four branch model

Answer 15

-Accurately perceive emotions oneself and others
-Use emotion to facilitate thinking
-Understand emotional meanings
-Manage emotions