Week 8 Flashcards
What is dysphagia?
Is a medical term for difficulties with swallowing
What are the three phases of normal swallowing?
- oral phase
- pharyngeal phase
- esophageal phase
what is normal swallow?
- coordinated process to form bolus, move it to the throat and push down into the stomach.
What is the main function of oral phase?
it involves voluntary control, including chewing and forming a food bolus.
What is the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
The involuntary phase where the soft palate closes the nasal cavity, and the larynx closes to prevent aspiration
What happens during the esophageal phase of swallowing?
Peristalsis moves food down the esophagus into the stomach.
what is Aspiration?
when food or liquid enters the airway instead of the esophagus.
what is choking?
something blocks or irritates the throat.
What are some common signs of dysphagia?
coughing or choking during meals
hoarse voice
drooling
prolonged chewing
recurrent pneumonia.
What is silent aspiration?
When food or liquid enters the airway without triggering a cough response
What are some risk factors for dysphagia?
stroke, neurological disorders, head or neck cancer, and aging.
How can dysphagia affect nutrition?
It can lead to poor nutrition, dehydration, and weight loss due to difficulty swallowing.
What is the purpose of a dysphagia screening?
To identify individuals at risk of swallowing disorders and determine if they need further assessment
Who typically conducts a formal dysphagia assessment?
A Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP).
What are the two main instrumental assessments for dysphagia?
- Fiberoptic Endoscopic Examination of Swallowing (FEES)
- Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study (VFSS).
What is the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI)?
A system that classifies food textures and liquid thickness for people with dysphagia.
How can we manage dysphagia?
- changing the consistency of the food or liquids.
- exercise, maneuver, positioning.
- feeding tube
- surgery.
What are the IDDSI liquid levels?
Thin (0), Slightly Thick (1), Mildly Thick (2), Moderately Thick (3), Extremely Thick (4)
Q: What are some common compensatory maneuvers for dysphagia?
Chin tuck, head rotation, head tilt, and neck extension.
Why is proper positioning important for patients with dysphagia?
it helps reduce the risk of aspiration and improves swallowing efficiency.
What is the role of an OTA/PTA in dysphagia management?
Supporting feeding and swallowing interventions, positioning, and reporting swallowing difficulties.
What is the difference between a clinical swallowing assessment and an instrumental assessment?
A clinical assessment is an observational evaluation, while an instrumental assessment uses imaging to assess swallowing function.
What is the purpose of thickened liquids in dysphagia management?
to slow the flow of liquids, making them easier to control and swallow.
What are some potential negative effects of thickened liquids?
A: Some patients find them unappealing, leading to reduced fluid intake and dehydration.
