Week 1: Principles of Effective Communication Flashcards
What is communication?
Communication is the act of giving or receiving information.
It is essential for quality of life, learning, and social interaction.
Why is communication important?
It allows people to express :
- thoughts
- request help
- build relationships
- refuse
- participate in their community.
What are different ways people communicate?
- speech
- writing
- touch
- eye gaze
- tone of voice
- gestures
- facial expressions
- behaviour
- assistive devices.
What are non-verbal methods of communication?
- body language
- facial expressions
- signing
- behavior
- vocalizations
- gestures
How do people with communication disabilities express themselves?
- assistive devices
- communication boards
- sign language
- writing
- gestures
- communication assistant.
What are the key elements of interpersonal communication?
Interpersonal communication involves:
Emitter: the sender of the message
Encoding: converting thoughts into recognizable symbols
Environment: the physical and emotional context
Message: the information being sent
Canal: the method of delivery (verbal, written, electronic, etc.)
Receptor: the person receiving the message
Decoding: interpreting the message
Noise: anything that interferes with communication
What are the different types of noise in communication?
External noise: Background noise, distractions, or environmental factors
Physiological noise: Hearing loss, speech impairment, or fatigue
Psychological noise: Stress, emotions, or biases affecting understanding
Semantic noise: Misinterpretation of words or language barriers
How can noise affect communication in therapy sessions?
Patients may struggle to process information if there is:
- background noise
- unclear speech
- distractions.
Therapists should use clear, simple language and ensure a quiet environment.
What are 5 key strategies for effective communication with someone who has a communication disorder?
- Focus attention on the speaker
- Listen more than you speak
- Avoid interrupting or assuming meaning
- Be patient and allow time for responses
- Adapt to different communication needs
How can you improve communication with someone with a disability?
- Accept various communication methods
- Be patient and give extra time for responses
- Ask, “How can I assist in our communication?”
- Reduce distractions and maintain eye contact
- Avoid speaking on behalf of the person
What role does active listening play in communication?
- concentration
- patience
- responding appropriately
It helps build trust and improves understanding
How can OT support communication?
OTs help patients develop:
- alternative communication strategies
- recommend assistive technology
- and modify environments to support communication.
How can PT assist in communication?
Support patients with:
- motor impairments affecting speech by working on posture
- breathing control
- and facial muscle strength.
How do OTA/PTAs facilitate communication in therapy?
They assist in communication exercises, reinforce strategies recommended by OTs and PTs, and help patients practice using assistive communication devices.
How should therapists communicate with patients with speech difficulties?
- Speak slowly and clearly
- Use simple language and short sentences
- Give extra time for responses
- Use visual aids or gestures to support understanding
What should therapists avoid when communicating with patients?
- Speaking too fast or too loudly
- Interrupting or finishing sentences for the patient
- Assuming the patient does not understand
- Ignoring non-verbal communication cues
How can therapists encourage participation in communication exercises?
By making communication meaningful, incorporating patient interests, using positive reinforcement, and ensuring a supportive environment.
