week 8

Question 1

when evaluating for perturbation, we want what kind of speech?

Answer 1

sustained vowels, comfortable intensity level. we need to compare with similar samples over time, example, if we examine /a/ week 1, we will also examine /a/ week 4

Question 2

what is the difference between perturbations and modulations?

Answer 2

perturbations are very rapid, and sound rough and hoarse, modulations are regularly occuring pattern of change to voice. Perturbation is rapid, and random from one cycle to the next

Question 3

what is a tremor?

Answer 3

a rhythmic change in the F0 fundamental freq, and in the amplitude

Question 4

What are Rhythmic modulations and what does it have instead of jitter and shimmer?

Answer 4

Instead of jitter and shimmer Rhythimic modulation has FM frequency modulation, and AM amplitude modulation. and instead of random changes from one cycle to the next, it changes in a more rhythmic or pattern way, and is spread across many cycles

Question 5

what will parameter of sound will naturally increase in the midsts of a tremor?

Answer 5

F0

Question 6

as the Thyroid Aritnoid Muscle activates, the air flow will what? and what will the vocal folds do?

Answer 6

air flow decreases, and the vocal fold adduct.

Question 7

how do we quantify a tremor, in regards to extreme and steadiness? how rapid is it?

Answer 7

a Tremor is on average 5-7Hz modulation rate is typical, extremeness is ranked by the percent of fluncuation around the mean, steadiness is expressed by periodicity as %,

Question 8

what does it mean to evaluate the sinusodal consistentency of modulations

Answer 8

how close is the recording to a sine wave

Question 9

modulations and perturbations can be together, true or false

Answer 9

true, there can be mixes of high/low perturbation and high/low modulations

Question 10

what the fuck is a fundamental frequency

Answer 10

the lowest frequency, harmonic component, and highest amplitude. It represent the overall harmonics of the voice, and reflects the rate at which the vocal folds vibrate.

Question 11

pitch is what kind of characteristic?

Answer 11

pitch is a perceptual characteristic

Question 12

what affects our perception of pitch?

Answer 12

how loud it is, and the balance of different frequency components

Question 13

F0 is a physical measure NOT _______

Answer 13

perceptual

Question 14

what is periodicity

Answer 14

when a signal repeats or recurs, one cycle looks like any other

Question 15

when sound comes out of the larynx, before it enters the vocal tract, what kind of sound wave does it make?

Answer 15

saw tooth

Question 16

periodicity becomes less intense as we ________

Answer 16

go higher and higher in pitch

Question 17

frequency = 1/ ?

Answer 17

period

Question 18

how do we calculate the period from the fundamental? if the F0 were to be 200 Hz, the period would be what?

Answer 18

since 1Hz = 1 cycle per second and the period is 1/F0

period is 1/200th of a second or 5ms

Question 19

variability in a voice is what?

Answer 19

perturbation , the distance from one cycle to the next

Question 20

vocal registers are dependent upon what

Answer 20

pattern of physiological activity of the vocal folds, the way they vibrate. certain patterns of vibration are associated with vocal registers.

Question 21

what is a modal register?

Answer 21

the chest voice, or speaking voice. The entire mass or vocal fold is involved, the Thyroid Aritnoid muscle, the layers of the lamina propia, and the mucosal cover

Question 22

what is the pulse register

Answer 22

the fry of the voice, has a pulsatile quality where you can see every pulse or almost hear. folds are incredibly slack, low subglottic pressure pushed from the lungs. will typically appear at the end of utterances LOW F0

Question 23

falsetto register?

Answer 23

vocal folds are stretched very tightly, at the high end of the F0 range. the cover of the vocal folds oscillate. little to no engagment from the Thyroid Aritnoid muscle. the medial edge, the very middle of the vocal folds are involved. can sound like a pure tone without any harmonic components, or not as many. The F0 can sometimes be all we have.

Question 24

why is switching between registers hard?

Answer 24

its hard because we arent just switching our pitch, but the entire physiological structures and patterns of such that go into switching our pitch. you are changing the qualitative difference of your voice.

Question 25

what can objective measures track?

Answer 25

objective progress over time.