week 8 Flashcards
when evaluating for perturbation, we want what kind of speech?
sustained vowels, comfortable intensity level. we need to compare with similar samples over time, example, if we examine /a/ week 1, we will also examine /a/ week 4
what is the difference between perturbations and modulations?
perturbations are very rapid, and sound rough and hoarse, modulations are regularly occuring pattern of change to voice. Perturbation is rapid, and random from one cycle to the next
what is a tremor?
a rhythmic change in the F0 fundamental freq, and in the amplitude
What are Rhythmic modulations and what does it have instead of jitter and shimmer?
Instead of jitter and shimmer Rhythimic modulation has FM frequency modulation, and AM amplitude modulation. and instead of random changes from one cycle to the next, it changes in a more rhythmic or pattern way, and is spread across many cycles
what will parameter of sound will naturally increase in the midsts of a tremor?
F0
as the Thyroid Aritnoid Muscle activates, the air flow will what? and what will the vocal folds do?
air flow decreases, and the vocal fold adduct.
how do we quantify a tremor, in regards to extreme and steadiness? how rapid is it?
a Tremor is on average 5-7Hz modulation rate is typical, extremeness is ranked by the percent of fluncuation around the mean, steadiness is expressed by periodicity as %,
what does it mean to evaluate the sinusodal consistentency of modulations
how close is the recording to a sine wave
modulations and perturbations can be together, true or false
true, there can be mixes of high/low perturbation and high/low modulations
what the fuck is a fundamental frequency
the lowest frequency, harmonic component, and highest amplitude. It represent the overall harmonics of the voice, and reflects the rate at which the vocal folds vibrate.
pitch is what kind of characteristic?
pitch is a perceptual characteristic
what affects our perception of pitch?
how loud it is, and the balance of different frequency components
F0 is a physical measure NOT _______
perceptual
what is periodicity
when a signal repeats or recurs, one cycle looks like any other
when sound comes out of the larynx, before it enters the vocal tract, what kind of sound wave does it make?
saw tooth
periodicity becomes less intense as we ________
go higher and higher in pitch
frequency = 1/ ?
period
how do we calculate the period from the fundamental? if the F0 were to be 200 Hz, the period would be what?
since 1Hz = 1 cycle per second and the period is 1/F0
period is 1/200th of a second or 5ms
variability in a voice is what?
perturbation , the distance from one cycle to the next
vocal registers are dependent upon what
pattern of physiological activity of the vocal folds, the way they vibrate. certain patterns of vibration are associated with vocal registers.
what is a modal register?
the chest voice, or speaking voice. The entire mass or vocal fold is involved, the Thyroid Aritnoid muscle, the layers of the lamina propia, and the mucosal cover
what is the pulse register
the fry of the voice, has a pulsatile quality where you can see every pulse or almost hear. folds are incredibly slack, low subglottic pressure pushed from the lungs. will typically appear at the end of utterances LOW F0
falsetto register?
vocal folds are stretched very tightly, at the high end of the F0 range. the cover of the vocal folds oscillate. little to no engagment from the Thyroid Aritnoid muscle. the medial edge, the very middle of the vocal folds are involved. can sound like a pure tone without any harmonic components, or not as many. The F0 can sometimes be all we have.
why is switching between registers hard?
its hard because we arent just switching our pitch, but the entire physiological structures and patterns of such that go into switching our pitch. you are changing the qualitative difference of your voice.
what can objective measures track?
objective progress over time.
