week 7 Flashcards
what do max performance test tell us about our vocal abilities?
max frequency range of phonation span from highest to lowest frequency possible
Fancy F and little 0 is , NOT F0
the rate at which we speak
at what frequency do mens and womens voice average at?
men 80-150hz women 150-250hz
what is perturbation
variability or irregularity from one wave cycle to the next, in ether frequency or amplitude
short term change or perturbation in rate, or frequency is
jitter
short term variability in amplitude
shimmer
jitter and shimmer are measured
with a steady phonation of a vowel.
Dysphonia is what and why?
flat, due to neural connections to the larnyx.
voice disorders root from what? and what does therapy aim to do?
dysfunctional vocal fold activity, therapy aims to improve.
laryngeal mirror exam
mirror looking directly down larnyx
rigid scope exam
through the mouth to look at the larnyx
flexible scope exam
through the nose to look at the larnyx
how do we look at the vocal folds, or the larnyx, when they look so fast?
high speed film, slows it down
Stroboscopy what is it? and what are the three ways we can do this.
a procedure that uses a strobe light to visualize the vibration of vocal folds during speech, laryngeal mirror exam, rigid scope exam and flexible scope exam
how does a stroboscopy work?
light flashes on vocal folds, catching specific parts of a cycle. or creates a still animation with different parts of a cycle all together
what is crucial to a good stroboscopy
timing
what are the two different types of timing procedures in a stroboscopy
frozen image (takes a snapshot at the same point in each cycle) slow motion ( pictures of the point right before and after)
how do we know when to take the snapshots during stroboscopy? what tool can we use?
using a throat microphone, we can detect the fundamental frequency of the larnyx. Predicts where the vocal folds will be
what are limitations to a stroboscopy?
voice has to be steady, dysphonic voices may not work. if the voice is too erratic, then the flashes cant synchronize.
what is an electroglottalgraph?
electrodes placed on the larnyx, either side. current is passed through. the movments of the glottal folds are present on a graph. Energy will be higher when folds are adducted in comparison to when folds are abducted, brought apart.
which type of person is easiest to do a Electroglottal graph on
tall skinny male, with little tissue on the neck.
EEG are revealing of source, the glottal pulses but not what?
the harmonics, formant energy, or vocal fold transfer functions. An EEG wave form represents exactly what the larynyx is doing
the human voice is nearly _______
periodic
when looking at a spectral slice, the space in between each vertical line, or the spread of white, resembles what in regards to harmonics
“noise” not harmonic components
jitter and shimmer cannot co occur, true or false
false, one does not usually show itself without the other
what causes perturbation? in regards to neurologic factors and airflow
in regards to neurological factors, muscle contraction is inherently unsmooth. motor neurons take turns firing and and it does not create an even smooth voice, when motor neurons fire statically or at the same time, it creates a smoother sound
In regards to respiratory, air flow can be turbulent, and also if the mass or size of one vocal fold differs from another due to polyps, vocal fold swelling etc, can create tension abnormalities.
