Week 8

Question 1

Learnability problem

Answer 1

How the acquisition mechanism is able to construct the right grammar for a language in response to some sort of experience.

Question 2

Williams syndrome

Answer 2

A genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body. Very good language skills, but other skills do not exceed a certain level.

Question 3

SLI

Answer 3

Specific Language Impairment

Question 4

DLD

Answer 4

Developmental Language Disorder

Question 5

Developmental Language Discroder

Answer 5

Delayed speech-language development.

Question 6

Obligatory Branching Parameter

Answer 6

A foot receiving main stress must be branching.

Question 7

What is the first proposition Iason Gabriel defends?

Answer 7

Normative and technical aspects of the AI alignement problem are interrelated, creating space for productive engagement between people working in both domains.

Question 8

What is the second proposition of Iason Gabriel?

Answer 8

It is important to be clear about the goal of alignment.

Question 9

P&P framework

Answer 9

The Principles and Parameters framework

Question 10

The principles & parameters framework

Answer 10

An explanatory theory of linguistic competence (what people know consciously or unconciously about their grammar).

Question 11

Scrambling

Answer 11

the apparently free positioning of the object vis-a-vis a sentential negator or certain adverbs.

Question 12

internal arguments

Answer 12

are projected in the syntax in a position close to the verb

Question 13

external arguments

Answer 13

Are projected in the syntax external to the VP

Question 14

What are two positions on how knowledge of argument structure is acquired, according to Wijnen & Verrips?

Answer 14

Semantic bootstrapping and syntactic bootstrapping

Question 15

What are semantic bootstrapping accounts according to Wijnen & Verrips?

Answer 15

They consider that children could make use of the fact that the semantic relations in a predicte sometimes predict the argument structure relations.

Question 16

What is syntactic bootstrapping according to WIjnen and Verrips?

Answer 16

Children learn something about verb argument strucutres from a comparison of the various syntactic frames that a verb appears in.

Question 17

unergatives

Answer 17

verbs that take an external argument

Question 18

unaccusatives

Answer 18

verbs that take an internal argument

Question 19

LVC

Answer 19

light verb construction

Question 20

light verb construction (LVC)

Answer 20

non-literal uses of verbs like ‘go’ and ‘give’. A purely aspectual verb: its only function is to signal a certain event type.

Question 21

What is principle A of the binding theory?

Answer 21

An anaphor must be bound in its governing category

Question 22

What is principle B of the Binding Theory?

Answer 22

A pronominal must be free in its governing category.

Question 23

chain condition

Answer 23

dictates that a dependency relation between two elements can involve maximally one regerentially complete expression.

Question 24

central problem UG

Answer 24

relies heavily on argument from poverty of stimulus.