Week 7 Specific Organisms

Question 1

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 1

-Gram positive
-Facultative anaerobe
-Fomites, mechanical vectors, direct contact, respiratory droplets
-Skin, mucous membranes, respiratory, gastrointestinal
-Exotoxins, enzymes, drug resistance, capsule
-Food poisoning, abscesses, pneumonia, TSS

Question 2

Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 2

-Gram positive
-Facultative anaerobe
-close contact, respiratory droplets, insect bites, skin abrasions, contaminated instruments
-skin, mucous membranes, respiratory, genitourinary
-toxins, enzymes
-strep throat, impetigo, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, puerperal sepsis, glomerulonephritis, TSS

Question 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 3

-Gram positive
-Aerotolerant anaerobe
-contaminated water, eardrum puncture, skull fracture, respiratory droplets
-respiratory, ears, gastrointestinal
-capsule
-lobar pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis

Question 4

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 4

-Gram negative
-Obligate aerobe
-sexual contact, congenital
-mucous membranes, genitourinary
-capsule, pili, endotoxin, enzymes, drug resistance, twitching motility
-gonorrhea, ophthalmia neonatorum

Question 5

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 5

-Gram negative
-Obligate aerobe
-oral, respiratory droplets, direct contact
-respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin, mucous membranes
-capsule, pili, endotoxin
-meningitis, meningococcemia, pneumonia, purulent arthritis, eye infections, urogenital tract infections, rectal infections

Question 6

Clostridium tetani

Answer 6

-Gram positive
-Obligate anaerobe
-contaminated soil or surfaces
-skin, mucous membranes
-endospores, endotoxin, motility
-tetanus

Question 7

Clostridium perfringens

Answer 7

-Gram positive
-Obligate anaerobe
-translocation from gastrointestinal, contaminated wounds
-skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal
-endospores, exotoxins, capsule
-food intoxication, gas gangrene, tissue gas

Question 8

Clostridioides difficile

Answer 8

-Gram positive
-Obligate anaerobe
-oral, contaminated instruments
-gastrointestinal
-endospores, toxins, motility, enzymes, fimbriae
-C. diff infection (CDI)

Question 9

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 9

-Gram positive
-Facultative aerobe
-respiratory droplets, direct contact, fomites
-skin, mucous membranes, respiratory
-exotoxin
-diphtheria (respiratory or cutaneous)

Question 10

Salmonella enterica

Answer 10

-Gram negative
-Facultative anaerobe
-oral
-gastrointestinal
-motility, capsule, fimbriae, endotoxins, exotoxins
-salmonellosis (food poisoning)

Question 11

Salmonella typhi

Answer 11

-Gram negative
-Facultative anaerobe
-oral
-gastrointestinal
-drug resistance, motility, toxins
-typhoid fever

Question 12

Francisella tularensis

Answer 12

-Gram negative
-Obligate aerobe
-inhalation, ingestion, skin breaks, arthropod bites
-skin, mucous membranes, respiratory, gastrointestinal
-pili, survival outside host, low infectious dose, ease of transmission, capsule
-tularemia (rabbit fever)

Question 13

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 13

-N/A (Gram stain)
-obligate aerobe
-respiratory droplets
-respiratory
-capsule, resistance to desiccation, secreted proteins, drug resistance
-tuberculosis

Question 14

Mycobacterium avium

Answer 14

-Gram positive
-Facultative anaerobe
-water, dust, soil
-respiratory, gastrointestinal
-surface lipids, secreted proteins, capsule
-mycobacterium avium complex lung disease

Question 15

Treponema pallidum

Answer 15

-N/A (Gram stain)
-microaerophile
-sexual contact, congenital
-skin, mucous membranes, genitourinary
-few surface proteins, motility
-syphilis

Question 16

Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 16

-Gram negative
-Microaerophile
-arthropod bites
-skin
-dynamic genetic regulation and antigenic variability, motility
-Lyme disease