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PIMS Microbiology > Week 1 Introduction > Flashcards

Week 1 Introduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a prokaryotic one-celled microorganism of the Kingdom Monera, existing as free-living organisms or as parasites, multiplying by binary fission and having a large range of biochemical properties

A

bacteria

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2
Q

a visible group of bacteria growing on a solid medium, presumably arising from a single microorganism

A

bacterial colony

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3
Q

science that studies bacteria

A

bacteriology

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4
Q

a method of asexual reproduction involving halving of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell followed by the development of each half into a new individual cell

A

binary fission

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5
Q

a large group of nonmotile, gram-negative intracellular parasites

A

chlamydia

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6
Q

the type of bacteria that is spherical or round in form

A

coccus (pl. cocci)

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7
Q

a group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacking chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous

A

fungus (pl. fungi)

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8
Q

scientific study of microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms

A

microbiology

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9
Q

the branch of science concerned with the study of fungi

A

mycology

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10
Q

a group of bacteria that lack cell walls and are highly pleomorphic

A

mycoplasma

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11
Q

a small proteinaceous infectious particle that is believed to be responsible for spongiform encephalopathies in humans and other mammals

A

prion

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12
Q

eukaryotic, animal-like, unicellular organisms; some of which may be pathogenic

A

protozoa

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13
Q

science that deals with the study of protozoa

A

protozoology

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14
Q

a genus of gram-negative, nonmotile, pathogenic, obligate intracellular parasitic bacilli

A

Rickettsia

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15
Q

area of science that studies Rickettsia

A

Rickettsiology

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16
Q

a genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters

A

Staphylococcus

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17
Q

the study of viruses and viral diseases

A

virology

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18
Q

an intracellular, infectious parasite capable of replicating only in living cells, containing only one form of nucleic acid

A

virus

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19
Q

the branch of science that classifies organisms

A

taxonomy

20
Q

bacteria, archaea, eukarya

A

domains

21
Q

animal, plant, fungi, protist, monera (single-celled prokaryotes)

A

kingdom

22
Q

organisms with similar body plans (morphological features and structures)

A

phylum

23
Q

organisms with more specific similarities than phyla group

A

class

24
Q

more specific groups within classes

A

order

25
Q

more specific groups within orders

A

family

26
Q

more specific groups within families

A

genus

27
Q

group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

A

species

28
Q

No nucleus – DNA is held in a nucleoid
No membrane-bound organelles
Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan (amino acids + sugar)
Examples include bacteria and cyanobacteria

A

prokaryotes

29
Q

Contain nucleus (or nuclei), cytoskeleton, and membrane-bound organelles
Cytoskeleton is made of proteins
Nucleus contains genetic information that is organized into chromosomes
Nucleus is bound by a nuclear envelope
Examples include most animal, plant, protozoan, and algae cells

A

eukaryotes

30
Q

a way of differentiating types of bacteria with dyes

A

Gram staining

31
Q

bacteria stain violet and have a thick peptidoglycan wall

A

Gram positive

32
Q

bacteria stain red and have a thin peptidoglycan wall

A

Gram negative

33
Q

irregular or “variant” forms exist

A

pleomorphic

34
Q

Smallest and most simple self-replicating bacteria
Colonies grow in a fried egg shape
Produce hydrogen peroxide

A

mycoplasmas

35
Q

can cause disease

A

pathogenic

36
Q

requires a host cell

A

obligate intracellular parasite

37
Q

Rod-shaped usually but are able to change shapes
Usually spread via arthropod vectors
Cannot live outside of host cell

A

Rickettsia

38
Q

unable to move itself

A

nonmotile

39
Q

Replicate in host cells
Spherical shaped
Rigid cell wall with a large amount of lipids

A

chlamydia

40
Q

Very small
Can only live and replicate in living cells
Can infect almost any living cell
Many types and classifications

A

viruses

41
Q

No cell wall
Rigid forms that can change throughout their development
Most prevalent microorganism
Nonliving agent

A

protozoa

42
Q

component of photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll

43
Q

thick-walled resistant layer

A

spore

44
Q

grows in long chains or strands

A

filamentous

45
Q

Often grow on decomposing matter
Usually grow in round patterns
Often associated with conditions that cause immunosuppression

A

fungi

46
Q

grows on decomposing matter

A

saprophytic

47
Q

a small proteinaceous infectious nonliving particle with no DNA or RNA

A

prion

PIMS Microbiology (8 decks)

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