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NS1881 > Week 7 Promoting Sleep > Flashcards

Week 7 Promoting Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

What is sleep?

A

Altered state of consciousness where perception and reaction to environment is decreased

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2
Q

Reticular Activating System

A
  • Consists of ascending nerve fibres and is involved in the sleep wake cycle
  • During sleep RAS experiences few stimuli from cerebral cortex and periphery
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3
Q

RAS stimulation indicates

A

Awake

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4
Q

Neurotransmitter
Lessens response to sensory stimulation

A

Serotonin

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter
Inhibition of sensory excitation

A

GABA

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6
Q

Neurotransmitter
Influence cerebral cortical arousal and wakefulness

A

Acetylcholine, Dopamine and Noradrenaline

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7
Q

Decrease in RAS stimulation

A

Darkness and preparation for sleep

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8
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

Sleep wake cycle

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9
Q

Two types of sleep that alternate in cycles during sleep

A

NREM
REM

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10
Q

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM)

A

Occurs when RAS inhibited
75-80% of sleep
Has 3 stages

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11
Q

Rapid eye movement (REM)

A

20 - 25% of sleep
Lasts 5-30 mins
Recurs approx every 90 mins

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12
Q

Transitional stage between wakefulness and sleep
Relaxed state but still aware of surroundings
Involuntary muscle jerks (may wake)
Only lasts minutes
5% of sleep

A

NREM Stage 1

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13
Q

HR and RR decrease slightly
Eyes still
Lasts 10-15 mins
44-55% of sleep

A

NREM Stage 2

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14
Q

Greatest depth of sleep
Snoring
Swallowing and saliva production decreased
HR and RR decrease more
BP decreases

A

NREM Stage 3

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15
Q

Which stage is the brain active but the body can’t do anything

A

REM

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16
Q

Sleep cycle

A

Wakefulness
NREM Stage 1
NREM Stage 2
NREM Stage 3
NREM Stage 2
REM
NREM Stage 1/2

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17
Q

Newborn (0-3 months)

A

Sleep 14-17 hours
50/50 REM NREM

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18
Q

Infant (4-11 months)

A

Sleep 12-15 hours
More naps

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19
Q

Toddler (1-2 yrs)

A

Sleep 11-14 hours

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20
Q

Preschool (3-5 yrs)

A

Sleep 10-13 hours

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21
Q

School aged (5-12 yrs)

A

Sleep 9-11 hours

22
Q

Adolescents (14-17 yrs)

A

Sleep 8- 10 hours

23
Q

Adults

A

Sleep 7-9 hours
REM 20% of sleep
Sleep affected by health, occupation, exercise

24
Q

Older Adult

A

Tendency toward earlier bedtime
May show increase in disturbed sleep

25
Q

Functions of sleep

A
  • Restores normal levels of activity
  • Restores normal balance among nervous system
  • Necessary for protein synthesis
  • Psychological wellbeing
26
Q

Insomnia

A

Inability to gain sufficient amount of quality sleep
- Difficulty falling asleep
- Waking frequent
- Difficulty staying asleep
- Daytime sleepiness
- Difficulty concentrating
- Irritability

27
Q

Hypersomnia

A

Sufficient sleep at night and cannot stay awake during the day
- Drugs/alcohol
- Trauma to CNS
- Medication
- Depression
- Obesity
- Medical conditions related to kidney, liver ect

28
Q

Narcolepsy

A

An uncontrollable desire for sleep or attacks of sleep during the day.
- Typically have sleep attacks during the day
- Nighttime sleep starts with onset of REM within 5 mins
- Lack of hypocretin in CNS (regulates sleep)

29
Q

Sleep Apnoea

A

Frequent short breathing pauses during the night
- More than 5 episodes > 10secs every hour is abnormal
- Snoring
- Difficulty falling asleep
- Morning headaches
- Memory problems
- Irritability

30
Q

Insufficient Sleep

A

Sleep deprivation which may be acute or chronic
- Daytime fatigue
- Poor concentration
- Reduced motivation
- Malaise
- Diplopia
- Dry mouth

31
Q

Lack of sleep for 19 hours is equivalent to

A

0.05 BAC

32
Q

Lack of sleep for 24 hours is equivalent to

A

0.10 BAC

33
Q

Parasomnias

A

Behaviours interfering with and occurring during sleep
- Arousal disorders
- Sleep/wake transition disorders
- REM disruption
- Bruxism
- Enuresis

34
Q

Somnambulism

A

Sleep walking

35
Q

Sleep/wake transition disorders

A

Sleep talking

36
Q

Bruxism

A

Teeth clenching/grinding

37
Q

Enuresis

A

Bed wetting
(After 3 yrs age)

38
Q

Sleep pattern assessment

A
  • Sleep history
  • Health history
  • Physical examination
  • Sleep diary and diagnostic studies
39
Q

Sleep history

A
  • Sleep/wake time habits
  • Bedtime rituals
  • Snoring?
  • Drugs/alcohol/caffeine
40
Q

Health history

A
  • Used to rule out medical or psychiatric causes of poor sleep
  • General health
  • Medication
  • Other diseases which may impact sleep
41
Q

Physical examination

A

Used to determine presence of physical abnormalities associated with sleep apnoea
- Tonsils

42
Q

Sleep diary

A
  • Time factors
  • Activities 2-3 hours prior to sleep
  • Medication
  • Caffeine/alcohol/drugs
  • Bedtime rituals
  • Daytime sleepiness
43
Q

Goal for person with sleep disturbance

A
  • Maintain a sleeping pattern providing sufficient energy for daily activities
  • Enhance feeling of wellbeing
  • Improve quality and quantity of persons sleep
44
Q

Sleep hygiene

A
  • Education
  • Restful environment
  • Support bedtime rituals
  • Promote comfort and relaxation
  • Medication if appropriate
45
Q

The collection of ideas, feelings, beliefs one has about self

A

Self-concept

46
Q

Image of physical self - How a person perceives the size, appearance and functioning of their body and its parts.

A

Body image

47
Q

The conscious sense of individuality and uniqueness that is continually evolving throughout life

A

Personal identity

48
Q

What a person does in a particular role in relation to the behaviours expected of that role

A

Role-performance

49
Q

The value one has for one self, self confidence

A

Self-esteem

50
Q

Positive concept – in which person is individually and socially responsible, self-directive, displays self-awareness, possesses resilience and good functioning.

A

Mental health

51
Q

Knowing ones emotions, managing emotions, motivating oneself, recognising emotions in others, and handling relationships.

A

Emotional intelligence

NS1881 (10 decks)

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