Week 7- morphology 1 Flashcards
What is morphology?
the study of the formation of words
what is word token?
refers to the total number of words in a text, corpus etc, regardless of how often they are repeated
What is word type?
refers to the number of distinct words in a text
what are closed class/ function words?
necessary words for grammar, not many words are ever added
what are open class/ content words?
information, meaning, words are often added to this class
what are nouns
COMMON nouns such as ‘cat’ ‘boy’ ‘television’ and ‘table’ (names of things)
PROPER nouns such as ‘Elizabeth’ or ‘London’ (names of people/places)
COLLECTIVE nouns such as ‘army of soldiers’ or ‘herd of cows’ (groups of things)
ABSTRACT nouns such as ‘love’ ‘faith’ or ‘happiness’ (things that cannot be seen or touched).
what are verbs
Verbs are words that describe actions.
PASSIVE verbs tell you about the thing or person that the action is happening to e.g. ‘the table was polished.’ ACTIVE verbs tell you what is being done by someone or something, ‘Beth rang her friends.’
what are adjectives
describing words
what are adverbs
Ad-verbs because they literally ‘add’ to the ‘verb’ by giving extra information about what the verb is doing or ‘how’ it is doing it.
what are prepositions
Prepositions are words usually in front of a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element, like: after, down, near, of, plus, round, to
ex nihilo, or coinage
creation of a new word
borrowing
the process by which a word from one language is adapted for use in another
calques
a word-for-word translation from one language to another.
acronyms
a word or name formed as an abbreviation from the initial components in a phrase or a word, usually individual letters
clipping
the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts
