Week 3- phonetics 2

Question 1

How do we distinguish consonants?

Answer 1

Place of articulation
Manner of articulation
Voicing

Question 2

How do we describe vowels?

Answer 2

Vowel height: How high is the tongue towards the palate? (eee- high tongue, ahh-low tongue)
Tongue backness: Which part of the tongue is raised? (eee, ooo – feel the feel the tongue moving forward and back)
Rounding: Are the lips rounded?

Question 3

What are cardinal vowels?

Answer 3

Cardinal Vowels are used to classify and (more) easily define vowels • Devised by Daniel Jones (1881-1967) • Standard reference points to work from • Universally-recognised vowel qualities at the extremes of tongue position
You can use them by describing a vowel as ‘like cardinal 4, but more raised’

Question 4

What is broad transcription?

Answer 4

Broad transcriptions aim to show the general features of a language
Fewer sounds are documented

Question 5

What is narrow transcription?

Answer 5

Narrow transcriptions aim to show the detail of spoken language
More detail is documented, some of which may not be discernible to the speaker

Question 6

When would you use slated and square brackets?

Answer 6

Use slanted brackets for transcribing general language Generally a broad transcription
Use square brackets for transcribing a real utterance Generally a narrow transcription