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CPHMLS > Week 7: Introduction To Epidemiology > Flashcards

Week 7: Introduction To Epidemiology Flashcards

1
Q

The study of distribution of the determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems

A

Epidemiology

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2
Q

What are the stages of the Natural History of a disease?

A
  1. Susceptibility
  2. Subclinical disease
  3. Clinical disease
  4. Recovery, disability, or death
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3
Q

A stage of the natural history of a disease where risk factors are present and disease has not yet developed

A

Susceptibility

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4
Q

A stage of the natural history of a disease where signs and symptoms have already developed

A

Clinical disease

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5
Q

A stage of the natural history of a disease where there are no signs nor symptoms, but pathologic changes are already occurring in the host

A

Subclinical disease

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6
Q

What are the four level of prevention?

A
  1. Primordial
  2. Primary
  3. Secondary
  4. Tertiary
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7
Q

What level of prevention prevents emergence of risk factors?

A

Primordial

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8
Q

What level of prevention promotes early detection and monitoring?

A

Secondary

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9
Q

What level of prevention reduces or eliminate impairments and disabilities?

A

Tertiary

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10
Q

What level of prevention that controls the exposure to risk factors?

A

Primary

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11
Q

The levels of prevention that tackles the stage of susceptibility

A

Primordial and Primary

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12
Q

The level of prevention of subclinical diseases

A

Secondary

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13
Q

The level of prevention for the stage of clinical disease and recovery, disability, or death

A

Tertiary

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14
Q

What is the study of the three epidemiologic variables?

A

Descriptive studies

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15
Q

What are the three epidemiologic variables?

A

Person, place, time

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16
Q

Which strategy in epidemiology formulates a hypothesis?

A

Descriptive studies

17
Q

Which strategy in epidemiology determines association between the exposure and outcome?

A

Analytical studies

18
Q

Which strategy in epidemiology tests the hypothesis?

A

Analytical studies

19
Q

No manipulation of the exposure variable

A

Observational

20
Q

With manipulation of the exposure variable

A

Experimental studies

21
Q

What is the separation for the period of communicability of the case?

A

Isolation

22
Q

What is the limitation of movement of persons who do not have the disease but are exposed to the agent for not longer than the agent’s maximum incubation period?

A

Quarantine

23
Q

What are the two types of strategies at the susceptible population?

A
  • Specific strategies
  • Non-specific strategies
24
Q

Specific strategies

A
  • Chemoprophylaxis
  • Immunization
25
Q

Non-specific strategies

A
  • Health promotion and education strategies
  • Proper nutrition
  • Target the behaviors of the individuals
26
Q

Types of immunity

A
  • Non-specific resistance
  • Specific resistance
27
Q

Type of immunity present at the time of birth or has developed during maturation

A

Non-specific resistance

28
Q

Type of immunity acquired due to exposure to a foreign substance

A

Specific resistance

29
Q

Types of specific immunity

A

Active and passive

30
Q

Type of specific immunity where the antigen is introduced and the body makes antibodies to defend against the infection

A

Active

31
Q

Type of specific immunity where the antibodies for the infection are the ones that are introduced

A

Passive

32
Q

Type of active immunity where antigen is deliberately introduced

A

Naturally-acquired

33
Q

Type of active immunity acquired through the natural history of disease processes

A

Artificially-acquired

34
Q

Type of passive immunity where injection of immune sera as vaccines occur

A

Artificially-acquired

35
Q

Type of passive immunity where antibodies are transferred from mother to baby, either through placenta or through mother’s breast milk

A

Naturally-acquired

CPHMLS (10 decks)

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