Week 7: Head, Face, Neck Flashcards
Cervical spondylosis
Cervical spondylosis is osteoarthritis of the Cervical spine causing ____ of the canal
Stenosis (narrowing)
Hydrocephalus is aka
Water on the brain
Acromegaly aka
Cause
Giantism
disorder in adults in which the pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone.
Torticollis can be inherited and is seen soon after birth
A rare condition in which the neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist to one side
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of ______.
The body needs iodine to produce thyroid hormone. If you do not have enough iodine in your diet, the thyroid gets larger to try and capture all the iodine it can, so it can make the right amount of thyroid hormone.
Goiter
Basilar skull fractures can cause leakage of ____ from the _____
Cause high impact blunt trauma
CSF / meninges
hemotympanum, refers to the _____
presence of blood in the tympanic cavity of the middle ear
Otorrhea / rhinorrhea
CSF leaking out of ears / nose
Myxedema aka
Hypothyroidism
Abnormal facial appearance w/ chronic illness
______ condition occurs from exposure to high cortisol levels for a long time.
The most common cause is the use of steroid drugs, but it can also occur from overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands.
Cushing syndrome
Puffy eyes ab facial appearance w/ chronic illness
immune system disorder of the butterfly-shaped gland in the throat (thyroid).
The thyroid overproduces hormones. The condition is more common in women under age 40
Graves disease
Having _________,
physical wasting with loss of weight and muscle mass due to disease.
Seen in Patients with advanced cancer, AIDS, severe heart failure
Cachectic appearance
Tightening of the skin in the face, with a characteristic beaklike facies and paucity of wrinkles
Chronic hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues.
Scleroderma
Ptosis
Drooping eye
Camptocormia is an uncommon condition in which….
the spine bends forward during walking or standing, but not when lying down.
Teachers Collins Syndrome
An inherited condition in which some bones and tissues in the face aren’t developed.
Treacher Collins syndrome is a genetic disorder that most often affects the cheek bones, jaw, chin, and ears.
Clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye.
Cataracts
group of eye conditions that can cause blindness.
The nerve connecting the eye to the brain is damaged, usually due to high eye pressure.
Glaucoma
Eye disease that causes vision loss.
Causes loss in the center of the field of vision. In dry _______, the center of the retina deteriorates.
With wet ________ leaky blood vessels grow under the retina.
macular regeneration
macular degeneration
Strabismus
Cross eyed
Diplopia
Double vision
Snellen, Rosenbaum, Confrontation test all test this Cranial Nerve
CN II
Optic
Pupillary light reflex test this Cranial Nerve
CN III
Accommodation test these cranial nerves
CN 2 & 3
Exophthalmos
Protruding eyes
Enophthalmos
Sunken ey3s
Hyphema is …..
The most common cause is blunt trauma, though can occur in the setting of sickle cell disease or other increased bleeding states
the collection of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.
Central gray opacity in eye =
Nuclear cataract
Star shapped opacity in eye =
Cortical cataract
Blue associated osteogenesis imperfecta
Which part of the eye is blue
Sclera
Difference between Drug induced mydriasis & Anoxia mydriasis
Drugs may or may not respond to light
Anoxia will not respond to light
Difficulty driving is associated with this type of vision loss
Depth perception or central vision
Macular degeneration
Tinnitus
Ringing or buzzing in ear
Otitis externa
Swimmers ear
Weber
Unilateral conductive hearing loss
Sound lateralizes to the
Affected (Bad) ear
Weber
Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
Sound lateralizes to the
Unaffected (Good) ear
Rinne
Conductive hearing loss
Describe the conduction of sound waves
Bone conduction > Air conduction
Otosclerosis
An inherited disorder that causes hearing loss due to the ear’s inability to amplify sound.
Otitis media
infection of the air-filled space behind the eardrum (the middle ear).
Epitaxis
Bleeding from the nose, either spontaneous or induced by nose picking or trauma.
All pregnant women experience some gingival hyperemia and edema, which may be associated with gingivitis and bleeding, especially in the _____ trimester
Third
_____ long, narrow passages that help warm and moisten air that flows through the nose
Nasal turbinates
Macroglossia
Enlarged tongue
Oral thrush
Candida
______ produces slightly raised, creamy white, sore patches in your mouth or on your tongue.
Oral thrush
Atrophic glossitis aka
Glossy tongue
condition characterised by absence of filiform or fungiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue.
Scrotal tongue is a real condition
true or false
True
Presbycusis
Age-related hearing loss.
is the gradual loss of hearing in both ears. It’s a common problem linked to aging.
Endocrine disorders such as _____ affect the female reproductive system
Diabetes
_____ most common STI
HPV
Ages 30 and over should test for _____ with their pap smear
HPV
The _____ test is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix or colon
Pap smear
Papanicolaou
Hyper/ Hypothyroidism can enlarge the thyroid
Both
High levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is associated with
Hypo or hyper thyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Basilar skull fracture is associated with these 2 signs
Racoon eyes & battle signs
Leakage of CSF from (Rhinorrhea / Otorrhea) when placed on a gause will make _____ sign
Halo
Fixation =
Pupils don’t change size
Osteogenisis imperfecta =
Brittle bone disease
One tonsil larger than the other is a sign of ….
An abcess
Procedure Provider and Patient both cover 1 eye and Provider slowly moves object into view from prepherial field
Patient notes when able to see object
Name of test
Confrontation
With _____ you lose your central vision.
Whether you are looking at something close or far.
Peripheral (side) vision will still be normal
Age-related Macular Degeneration
Thyroid eye disease is associated with this disease
Graves
