week 7 for pathology 2

Question 1

diseases of the bones and joints categories (4)

Answer 1

1. inflammatory and degenerative
2. genetic and developmental
3. hyperplastic and neoplastic (cells)
4. postmortem conditions

Question 2

inflammatory and degenerative of bones and joints (7)

Answer 2

1. osteoporosis
2. osteomyelitis
3. osteomalacia
4. rickets
5. arthritis
6. bursitis
7. fractures

Question 3

loss of bone mass in the skeleton resulting in predisposition to fractures.
-most often due to depletion of estrogen

Answer 3

osteoporosis

Question 4

inflammatory bone disorder resulting from pyogenic (small red bumps on skin) bacterial infection.
-bacteria was introduced usually due to trauma or surgery

Answer 4

osteomyelitis

Question 5

a piece of dead bone tissue occurring within a diseased or injured bone

Answer 5

sequestrum

Question 6

softening of the bones due to faulty calcification

-usually found in adults

Answer 6

osteomalacia

Question 7

defective bone growth caused by vitamin D deficiency

-usually found in children

Answer 7

rickets

Question 8

inflammation of the joints

• (3 sub categories)

Answer 8

arthritis

1. osteoarthritis
2. rheumatoid arthritis
3. psoriatic arthritis

Question 9

inflammation of joint cartilage

Answer 9

osteoarthritis

Question 10

inflammation of lining of the joints (autoimmune)

Answer 10

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 11

associated with psoriasis (autoimmune)

Answer 11

psoriatic arthritis

Question 12

inflammation off the bursae (fluid filled sacs) that provide cushioning for joints

Answer 12

bursitis

Question 13

break in a bone and damage to surrounding tissues

Answer 13

bone fractures

Question 14

types of bone fractures (7)

Answer 14

1. traverse
2. linear
3. oblique non displaced
4. oblique displaced
5. spiral
6. greenstick
7. comminuted

Question 15

genetic and developmental of bones and joints (4)

Answer 15

1. scoliosis
2. kyphosis
3. lordosis
4. achondroplasia

Question 16

lateral curvature of the spinal column

Answer 16

scoliosis

Question 17

outward curvature of the spinal column (hunchback)

Answer 17

kyphosis

Question 18

inward curvature of the spinal column (swayback)

Answer 18

lordosis

Question 19

genetic bone growth disorder resulting in dwarfism

Answer 19

achondroplasia

Question 20

hyperplastic and/or neoplastic (cells) of bone and growth (2)

Answer 20

1. pages disease

2. osteosarcoma

Question 21

hyperplasia (excessive growth) of the bones causing inflammation, thickening/softening of bones

Answer 21

pages disease

Question 22

cancer that causes immature bone formation

Answer 22

osteosarcoma

Question 23

malformation/ distortion of bones and joints (4)

Answer 23

1. joints affected by arthritis can be swollen and misshapen
2. vertebral disorders can cause circulatory and positioning issues
3. broken bones can cause viewing and positioning issues
4. misshapen bones cannot be easily excised like muscle, glands, or fat can

Question 24

bone procurement of bones and joints (1)

Answer 24

1. anatomical procurement of long bones can complicate standard embalming procedure

Question 25

disease of the integumentary system (3)

Answer 25

1. inflammatory and degenerative
2. hyperplastic/neoplastic (cells)
3. postmortem conditions

Question 26

an organ system consisting of the skin, hair hails, and exocrine glands
-skin is only a few millimeters thick yet is by far the largest organ in the body

Answer 26

integumentary system

Question 27

inflammatory and degenerative of the integumentary system (6)

Answer 27

1. acne
2. abscess
3. syphilis
4. seborrheic dermatitis
5. eczema
6. psoriasis

Question 28

skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin

Answer 28

acne

Question 29

localized accumulation of pus

Answer 29

abscess

Question 30

std that produces ulcers

• no signs/symptoms are observed in first few years
• primary stage- sore/chancre found in genital area; inner part of vag in women, penis in men
• secondary stage - skin rash, mucous membrane lesions throughout body, fever, sore throat, headache, swollen gland, weight loss, muscle ache and fatigue
• tertiary stage - blood vessels, cardiac, nerve system problems, damaged internal organs, and death cases
• latent stage - symptoms disappear in 1-20 years, diagnosis through blood testing, relapse symptoms

Answer 30

syphilis

Question 31

disorder of the sebaceous glands of the face, scalp and trunk

Answer 31

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 32

generalized inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, red itchy patches of skin

Answer 32

eczema

Question 33

inflammatory skin disease characterized by red, thickened areas with silvery scales on the scalp, elbows and knees

Answer 33

psoriasis

Question 34

hyperlastic/neoplastic of integumentary system (3)

Answer 34

1. melanocytes nevus
2. malignant melanona
3. squamous cell carcinoma

Question 35

skin mole, pigmented epithelial tumor

Answer 35

melanocytes nevus

Question 36

skin cancer that form in the melanocytes

Answer 36

malignant melanoma

Question 37

skin cancer that forms in the epidermal layer

Answer 37

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 38

postmortem conditions (4)

Answer 38

1. discoloration
2. dehydration
3. lesions
4. swelling

Question 39

loss of pigmentation/ completion variations

Answer 39

discoloration

Question 40

loss of moisture from body tissue

Answer 40

dehydration

Question 41

need to be treated/removed from surfaces

Answer 41

lesions

Question 42

due to chronic inflammation

Answer 42

swelling