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PIMS - Embalming 1 > week 4 > Flashcards

week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

separating of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes

A

decomposing

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2
Q

a group of nitrogen based on compounds with an unpleasant odor and associated with decomposition of organic tissue

A

ptomaine

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3
Q

the decomposition of proteins by the enzymatic activity of anaerobic bacteria

A

putrefaction

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4
Q

amine defintion + characteristics (5)

A

an organic compound containing nitrogen with the general formula of R-NH2

  • Lewis base
  • similar to ammonia
  • produced as decomposition products
  • strong odor (fish/ammonia smell)
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5
Q

derivative of carboxylic acids in which a hydroxyl group is substituted with an amine or ammonia having the general formula of R-CONH-R’

  • similiar to phenols
  • carboxylic acid + amine
  • simple amides are derived from ammonia
A

amide

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6
Q

the building blocks of proteins that contain an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group

A

amino acid

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7
Q

a biological component that is a polymer of many amino acids

A

protein

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8
Q

Nitrogen overview (6)

A
  1. main component of amino acids and proteins
  2. important component of DNA & RNA
  3. decomposition results in excess nitrogen in the body
  4. discolorations and odors associated with decomposition are often associated with nitrogen
  5. some pathologies can cause a build up of urea
  6. nitrogen based compounds create alkalinity in the body
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9
Q

subcategories of amines (3)

A
  1. primary amine
  2. secondary amine
  3. tertiary amine
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10
Q

one alkyl or aromatic group

2 subcategories

  • methylamine
  • aniline
A

primary amine

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11
Q

putrefaction component of primary amine

A

methylamine

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12
Q

common in polymers, precursor to acetaminophen

-subcategory of primary amine

A

aniline

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13
Q

two alkyl or aromatic groups

A

secondary amine

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14
Q

three alkyl or aromatic groups

-has trimethlyamine as subcategory

A

tertiary amine

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15
Q

decomposition product of tertiary amine

A

trimethylamine

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16
Q

amines as bases (3)

A
  1. nitrogen atom has a lone electron pair that can bind H+ and form ammonium ion
  2. a hydrogen bond between water + nitrogens lone electrons forms
  3. alkalinity depends on the size of the bonded R groups (bulky R groups make the amine less basic)
17
Q

Ammonia as a preservative scavenger (4)

A
  1. free ammonia is a by product of decomposition
  2. especially prevalent in certain pathologies and extreme decomposition
  3. increases preservative demand
  4. results in the presence of urotropin
18
Q

a group of nitrogen compounds with an unpleasant odor and associated with decomposition of organic tissue
-has 3 sub cats ; putrescine and cadaverine

A

ptomaines

19
Q

nitrogen based, unpleasant smelling, compound produced by the decomposition of organic material

A

putrescine

20
Q

an unpleasant smelling, nitrogen based, compound produced by the decomposition of organic material

A

cadaverine

21
Q

surface disinfectants that are generally used for disinfection of skin, oral and nasal cavities and intrsuments

  • surfactants and disinfectants
  • positively charged nitrogen center
  • not amines but very similar
A

quaternary ammonium compounds

22
Q

compounds that occur when any atom other than carbon is introduced into an aromatic ring

  • heterocyclic amine occurs when that atom is nitrogen
  • some heterocyclic amines of interest
A

heterocyclic amines

23
Q

5 member of heterocyclic ring

-subunit of heme

A

pyrrole

24
Q
  • decomp protein
  • produced from tryptophan in the digestive tract
  • in low concentrations can be used a sa fragrance (flowery smell)
A

skatole

25
Q
  • 5 member heterocyclic amine
  • 2 amine atoms
  • histamine component
  • histidine component
A

imidazole

26
Q
  • 6 member aromatic ring
  • one nitrogen atom
  • precursor to vitamin b3 (niacin)
A

pyridine

27
Q
  • 6 member aromatic ring
  • similar to pyridine
  • nucleotides have a pyrimidine base (base of nucleic acids)
A

pyrimidine

28
Q
  • two ring structure
  • nitrogenous base
  • 2 of 5 nitrogenous bases in nucleotides are purines (adenine, guanine)
  • building block for DNA and RNA
A

purine

29
Q

one or more amino acids linked by a chemical bond

A

peptide

30
Q

a bond formed from a dehydration reaction between the amino group on one amino acid with the carboxyl group on another amino acid
-long peptide chains (50+) are proteins

A

peptide bond

31
Q
  • 2 amine groups attached to a carbonyl group
  • nitrogen containing substance in urine is urea
  • formed by the liver with ammonia and carbon dioxide
  • neutralizies formaldehyde
A

urea (carbamide)

PIMS - Embalming 1 (8 decks)

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