Week 7 - Community

Question 1

Windshield survey

Answer 1

Its purpose is to become familiar with the community and the population by examining factors which impact the health of the population

• History, demographics, ethnicity, values and beliefs, human resources, connectedness

Question 2

How does community relate to the determinants of health?

Answer 2

Physical, demography

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

A group of people who share a geographic (locational) dimension and a social (relational) dimension

Question 4

Social Dimension

Answer 4

Individual relationships, interactions among groups, and shared characteristics among members - distinguishes a community from a population

Question 5

Community Health

Answer 5

Attainment of the greatest possible biological psychological, and social wellbeing of the community in its entity and its individual members

Question 6

Components of Community Health Nursing Practice

Answer 6

• Population health promotion (advocating for health policies, MADD, tobacco use etc.)
• Protection (communicable diseases - reported to the ministry, surveillance of those infected, maintenance, and restoration

Question 7

Components of health nursing practice

Answer 7

Social justice, community health nursing, primary health care, empowerment

Question 8

Social justice

Answer 8

• Equitable, or fair, distribution of society’s benefits, responsibilities, and their consequences
• Focuses on the relative position of social advantage of one individual or social group in relation to others in society as well as on the root causes of inequities and what can be done to eliminate them
• Encompasses equity, human rights, democracy and civil rights, capacity building, just institutions, enabling environments, poverty reduction, ethical practice, advocacy, and partnerships

Question 9

Community health nursing

Answer 9

• Emphasizes both the community’s health and direct care to subpopulations within that community
• Guided by values of caring, principles of primary healthcare, multiple ways of knowing, individual and community partnerships, empowerment, and social justice

Question 10

Primary Health Care

Answer 10

• Focuses on education, rehabilitation, support services, health promotion, and disease prevention
• It involves multidisciplinary teams and collaboration with other sectors, as well as with secondary and tertiary care facilities
• The principles guide community health nurses to use empowerment-based models of community practice

Question 11

Empowerment

Answer 11

• Psychological, cultural, social, or political process by which people, individually and collectively in organizations and communities, exercise their ability to effect change to enhance control, quality of life, and social justice

Question 12

Public health

Answer 12

• Emphasis on health of entire population
• To achieve a healthy environment for everyone

inspectors etc

Question 13

Community health Examples

Answer 13

• Acute, chronic, and palliative care of individuals and their families that enhances their self care
• Vulnerable populations
• People who engage in stigmatized risk behaviours
• People living with chronic conditions and disabilities

Question 14

Vulnerable populations

Answer 14

People who live in vulnerable circumstances

• People who live in poverty or are homeless
• People in precarious circumstances
• Women are at greater risks for problems related to low income, violence, and stressors associated with unpaid caregiving
• experience barriers when accessing healthcare, marginalized, limited access, low social support

Question 15

Risk behaviours

Answer 15

• Substance abuse

- Unsafe sexual practices

Question 16

Building capacity

Answer 16

• means to achieve health issues + overcome barriers, address issues

Question 17

Building coalitions and networks

Answer 17

Support collective actions, connect with other groups

Question 18

Outreach

Answer 18

work with vulnerable population, involve services that are safe and comfortable for them

Question 19

Resource management

Answer 19

work with clients, different agencies to get best resources for health (for the client)

Question 20

Case management

Answer 20

Ontario health team, work with cases in vulnerable circumstance

Question 21

Care/counseling

Answer 21

work with clients to promote and protect health, virtual, home visit

Question 22

Referral and follow up

Answer 22

work with family to make decisions, follow up with care, refer to proper agencies

Question 23

Health threat response

Answer 23

threat response procedure, natural disaster, infrastructure

Question 24

Community development

Answer 24

Support community participation

Question 25

Strategies to influence health determinants

Answer 25

• Health promotion, protection, maintenance

Question 26

Levels of prevention

Answer 26

• Primary (immunization, disease prevention, preventing factors, activities to prevent)
• Secondary (promote detection, screening, clinics)
• Tertiary (convalescence stage of disease, minimize disability from disease)

Question 27

Community assessment

Answer 27

• Becoming acquainted with a community from the community’s perspective
• Gives community language to describe their strengths/weaknesses
• Needed for change/empowerment

Question 28

3 Components of community assessment

Answer 28

locale or structure, social systems, people

Question 29

Subsystems

Answer 29

• Physical environment
• Health and social services
• Economy
• Transport + safety
• Politics and government
• Communication
• Education
• recreation