Week 2 - Concepts of Health Flashcards
What is Health?
- Constantly changing
- Physical, socio-cultural, psycho-spiritual, political, economical
-Always changing
Moving towards wholeness
Medical Approach to Health
One-sided, biomedical approach, biological, absence of health promotion. More about absence of disease
Behavioural approach to Health
- 1970s
- More health promotion and disease prevention
- Solving problems before they begin
- participACTION, bodybreak
Socioenvironmental approach to health
- Not blaming people
- Aiding, helping people feel better
- Ottawa charter for health promotion
- Jakarta
- Population levels of health, risk of pop., social aspects, community action
Name the Determinants of Health
Income + SS
Social Supp networks
Ed. and Literacy
Employm. and working conditions
Physical Env.
Biology and Genetic endowment
Individual heal. pract. and coping
Healthy child development
Gender
Culture
Social Environments
Describe Income and Social Status
- Financial standing and wealth of individuals that allow them a certain level/quality of healthcare
- Nurses should consider before prescribing expensive intervention
- Be aware of programs to aid lower income families
- Health PREVENT.
What is Medicare
Provision of hospitals and insurance payed by taxes. Provides prepaid services.
Organization of Healthcare
- Federal: First Nations health, Army, refugees, inmates in federal prison
- Provincial and Territorial Jurisdiction: OHIP, position expenses, minister of health of Ontario- budget
- Professional jurisdiction: Health professional, nurse, doctor, pharmacists, self-regulated
Canada Health Act
- Public administration: administered by a board, non-profit, two tier
- Comprehensiveness: services, interventions, prevent not cure, varies from province to province
- Universality: Every Canadian resident has access to healthcare
- Portability: Insured service from province to territories. Travel is available for proper care.
- Accessibility: Every resident has access to healthcare; each individual has their needs met in order to access proper healthcare
What are Ontario Health teams?
How care is organized, teamed together, collaborative
Healthcare Settings
Institutional: Mental health facilities, hospitals, long term care, etc.
Community Sector: Public health, Clinics, nurses that work for community in-home care, adult day programs, rehabilitation (not in institution)
Other Agencies/systems that influence health care: where decisions are being made
Regulated health professions act
- Decides scope of practice and controlled acts for 23 different health professions.
- To keep public safe.
Long Term Care Homes Act
Protect those living in long term care. Their rights, their care, admissions etc.
Mental Health act
Protects how people are admitted, terms of admission, how finances are handled when people are admitted, terms of release etc.
PHIPA
Personal Health Information Protection Act
Veterans Affairs Canada
- Healthcare for veterans
- Specific hospitals, insurance etc.`
Levels of care
1 - Health Promotion
2 - Disease prevention: screening, vaccinations
3 - Diagnosis and treatment (Sublevels 1,2,3)
4 - Rehabilitation
5 - supportive care - Palliative, end of life, respid
Sublevels
Primary (most common): 1st contact, vehicle for continuity of care
Secondary: More specialized. surgery etc.
Tertiary: Most specialized, sick kids, mental health etc.
Issues with primary healthcare
- Gp shortage, lack of access
- Higher incidence of chronic disease
- Need for better health prom. + disease prevent.
- Stress on hospital system
Future of Primary Healthcare
- Consistent access to comprehensive services, evidence-based services
- Wide range of providers
- Pt centred approaches
- More equitable + inclusive programs
- Use an integrated Approach
Wellness
- Component of Health
- Subj. experience that comes with each individual
