Week 7 Flashcards
spirometry
test that measures air volume
respiratory cycle
one inspiration plus the following expiration
resting tidal volume
apporoximately the same volume leaves during a normal resting expiration
medullarly respiratory center
extends through oblongata
ventral respiratory group and dorsal respiratory group
chemosensitive areas
in the ventral part of the medulla near the originsof the vagus
senses changes of the CSF
if it rises respiratory rate and tidal volume increase
hyperventiliation
too much Co2 in blood
lowers carbom dioxide level
alveoli
exchange gasses beteen air and blood
respiratory membrabe
simple sqamous epithelium
alveoli can stretch
to 620 miles
% of air
78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
.04% carbon dioxide
peripheral
cell + Capillary
O2 in blood
increases pressure of blood
oxyhemoglobin
where Po2 is high oxygen dissolves in blood and combine rapidly with the iron atoms of hemoglobin forming oxyhemoglobin
hypoxia
deficency of o2 reaching tissues
hemoglobin
98% of oxygen in blood binds to become hemoglobin
the rest is dissolved in plasma
Blood transport carbon dioxide
dissolved in plasma
part of compound by forming hemoglobin
OR AS A BICARBONITE ION
everything ends in
the alveoli
hemoglobin carries
both O2 and Co2
chemosensitive areas in th medulla are most sensitive to
carbon dioxide
Antioxidants
Vitamins A, C, E
setenium zinc
oxygen from hemoglobin is released when
blood is too acidic blood temperature increases and too much Co2
urinary system
removes salts and waste
regulate pH and volume of blood
kidneys are located
retropertioneally
behind parietal peritoneum and against deep muscles of the back
renal medulla
composes of renal pyramids
renal cortex
shell around the medulla and dips behind to for renal colums
nephrons
kidneys functional units
primary function of kidneys
help maintain homeostasis
other functions of the kidney
secreting enthropoeitin for blood cell growth
activates vitmain D to absorb Ch
secretes renin which maintains blood volume
renal arteries
support blood to kidneys
affarent arterioles
final brnches of renal arteries lead to nephrons
renal vein
joins inferior vena cava to return blood to heart
glomerus
tangled cluster of blood capillaries
order of blood through kidney
corticol radiate artery affarent arteriole glomereous efferent arteriole proximal convulted tube nephron loop (acsending and Descending limb) Distal convulated tube collecting duct
