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Physiology > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q 
Chief cells secrete:
A. Hydrochloric acid
B. Gastrin
C. Pepsinogen
D.intrinsic factor
E.mucus
A

C.pepsinogen

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2
Q

Which of the following is true regarding digestion and absorption in the stomach?

A. Protein digestion begins in the stomach
B. Digestion is complete after chyme moves out of the stomach
C. Small proteins can be absorbed with the help of pepsin
D. Lipid digestion begins in the stomach
E. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the stomach

A

A. Protein digestion begins in the stomach

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3
Q

The stomach secretes the hormone ghrelin which functions to
A. Initiate secretion of gastric juices containing enzymes and acid
B. Inhibit hunger
C.stimulate secretion of mucus from submucosal glands
D.stimulate hunger
E.regulate the digestion of lipids

A

D.stimulate hunger

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4
Q 
The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the:
A. Colon
B.small intestine
C.large intestine 
D. Cecum
E. Stomach
A

B.small intestine

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5
Q 
Functions of the stomach include all of the following except:
A. Denaturation of proteins
B. Mechanical breakdown of food
C.  Storage of ingested food
D. Initiation of protein digestion 
E. Absorption of triglycerides
A

E. Absorption of triglycerides

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6
Q 
Which of the following not a function of the digestive system?
A.ingestion
B.absorption
C.mechanical processing
D. Filtration
E. Secretion
A

D. Filtration

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7
Q

Absorption of glucose from the guy lumen depends on all of the following except:
A. The sodium-potassium pump in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cell
B. Emulsification forming small micelles
C.higher sodium ion concentration in the lumen than in the epithelial cell
D. Sodium linked cotransport
E. Co transporter proteins in the apical membrane of the epithelial cell

A

B. Emulsification forming small micelles

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8
Q

Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3) with the correct description on the right (4-6):

  1. Intestinal phase
  2. Gastric phase
  3. Cephalic phase
  4. prepares stomach for the arrival of food
  5. Stomach empties and decreases secretion
  6. Stomach secretes juice and mixes food in chyme
A. 1 and 4;2 and 5; 3 and 6
B. 1 and 5; 2 and 6; 3 and 4
C.1 and 6;2 and 5;3 and 4
D. 1 and 5; 2 and 4; 3 and 6
E. 1 and 6; 2 and 4;3 and 5
A

B. 1 and 5;2 and 6;3 and 4

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9
Q 
The movement of nutrients from the digestive tract lumen across the epithelium is called:
A. Secretion
B. Absorption 
C. Chemical digestion 
D. Reabsorption
E. Ingestion
A

B. Absorption

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10
Q

Digestion refers to the:
A. Progressive dehydration of indigestible residue
B. Mechanical breakdowns of food
C. Chemical breakdown of food
D. Mechanical and chemical breakdown if food
E. Release of water, acids, enzymes and buffers by organs

A

D. Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

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11
Q 
To which region of the does the oesophagus connect?
A. Body
B. Fundus
C. Antrum
D. Cardia
E. Pyloric part
A

D. Cardia

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12
Q

A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect all of the following except:
A. Digestion of lipids
B. Relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter
C. Absorption of water in the large intestines
D. The delivery of bile
E. The composition of pancreatic secretions

A

C. Absorption of water in the large intestines

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13
Q

Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the

a. serosa
b. adventitia
c. lamina propria.
d. mucosa.
e. submucosal neural plexus

A

e. submucosal neural plexus

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14
Q

The technical term for chewing is:

a. deglutition.
b. peristalsis.
c. mastication.
d. segmentation.
e. borborygmus.

A

c. mastication

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15
Q

functions of the large intestine:

a. absorption of bile salts.
b. most of the chemical breakdown of food.
c. secretion of vitamins.
d. reabsorption of water and compaction of feces.
e. production of gas to move waste toward the rectum.

A

d. reabsorption of water and compaction of feces.

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16
Q

Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts are called:

a. chylomicrons.
b. countertransporters.
c. varicosities.
d. vesicles.
e. micelles.

A

e. micelles

17
Q

The defecation reflex involves:

a. sympathetic nerves.
b. relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters.
c. conscious control of both the internal and external anal sphincters.
d. parasympathetic nerve control from sacral nerves.
e. relaxation of the ileocecal valve to move feces into the rectum.

A

b. relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters.

18
Q

Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called:

a. peristalsis
b. mastication.
c. pendular movements.
d. churning movements.
e. segmentation.

A

a. peristalsis

19
Q

Which salivary gland produces a serous secretion containing large amounts of salivary amylase?

a. sublingual
b. submandibular
c. parotid
d. mandibular
e. lingual

A

c.parotid

20
Q

products of fat digestion are transported initially:

a. capillaries.
b. veins.
c. the arterioles.
d. the interstitial fluid.
e. lymphatic vessels.

A

e. lymphatic vessles

21
Q

Each of the following is a function of the liver except:

a. storage of glycogen and iron reserves.
b. antibody production.
c. synthesis and secretion of bile.
d. synthesis of plasma proteins.
e. inactivation of toxins.

A

b.antibody production

22
Q

Put the following layers of the digestive tract wall in order from the lumen to the deepest layer.

  1. lamina propria
  2. muscularis externa
  3. submucosa
  4. digestive (mucous) epithelium
  5. serosa
  6. muscularis mucosae

a. 1, 4, 3, 6, 2, 5
b. 5, 4, 2, 6, 1, 3
c. 5, 2, 3, 6, 1, 4
d. 4, 6, 3, 1, 2, 5
e. 4, 1, 6, 3, 2, 5

A

e.4,1,6,3,2,5

23
Q

A drug that blocks the action of carbonic anhydrase in parietal cells would result in:

a. decreased gastrin production.
b. a lower pH during gastric digestion.
c. decreased production of pepsinogen by chief cells.
d. a higher pH during gastric digestion.
e. increased protein digestion in the stomach.

A

d. a higher pH during gastric digestion.

24
Q

Each of the following organs is a component of the digestive tract except the:

a. stomach.
b. colon
c. esophagus.
d. bladder.
e. pharynx.

A

d. bladder

25
Q

Which of the following statements is not true of swallowing?

a. The buccal phase is a voluntary phase.
b. Secondary peristaltic waves are needed if the bolus is dry.
c. Primary peristaltic waves are controlled by the facial nerves.
d. The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes to allow the bolus to enter the stomach.
e. Breathing stops during the pharyngeal phase.

A

c.Primary peristaltic waves are controlled by the facial nerves.

26
Q

The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the:

a. entry of chyme into the large intestine.
b. entry of chyme into the small intestine.
c. sight, thought, or smell of food.
d. release of cholecystokinin and secretin by the small intestine.
e. entry of food into the stomach.

A

e. entry of food in to the stomach

27
Q

proenzyme secreted by the pancreas is:

a. lipase.
b. trypsinogen.
c. carboxypeptidase.
d. amylase.
e. bile

A

b. typsinogen

28
Q

which is not true of pancreatic enzymes?

a. They digest carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
b. Most are secreted as proenzymes.
c. They are produced by exocrine tissue.
d. The majority are proteases.
e. Their primary site of action is the pancreas.

A

e. Their primary site of action is the pancreas.

29
Q

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term gastrin?

a. stimulates pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid
b. where pancreatic juice and bile enter duodenum
c. causes gallbladder to contract
d. carries absorbed sugars and amino acids
e. stimulates gastric secretion

A

e. stimulates gastric secretion

30
Q

Increased secretion by all the salivary glands results from:

a. hormonal stimulation.
b. sympathetic stimulation.
c. myenteric reflexes.
d. parasympathetic stimulation.
e. hunger.

A

d. parasympathetic stimulation

31
Q

Identify the incorrect pairing.

a. liver; produces intrinsic factor
b. esophagus; transports material to stomach
c. gallbladder; stores bile
d. pancreas; secretes amylases
e. stomach; has an alkaline lining

A

a. liver; produces intrinsic factor

32
Q

The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonate-rich fluid is:

a. gastrin.
b. GIP.
c. secretin.
d. enterocrinin.
e. cholecystokinin.

A

c. secretin

33
Q

An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is:

a. lipase
b. nuclease
c. amylase
d. maltase
e. trypsin

A

e.trypsin

34
Q

in response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid:

a. that contains only amylase.
b. rich in enzymes
c. rich in bicarbonate ion.
d. rich in mucus.
e. rich in bile.

A

c. rich in bicarbonate ion

35
Q

Which accessory organ of the digestive system does not produce any enzymes or digestive secretions?

a. liver
b. salivary glands
c. teeth
d. gallbladder
e. pancreas

A

c. teeth

Physiology (7 decks)

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