week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

concept reviews : what is resection ?

A

cutting something out

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2
Q

what is anastomosis

A

surgeon taken two hearts and sew them together

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3
Q

what is stoma

A

seeing intestine of that patient ( where feces comes out )

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4
Q

tenessmus

A

unpleasant and urgent situation sensation to deficate

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5
Q

what is melena , occult, blood and hematemesis

A

these all mean bleeding
this is blood not naked to the eye

hematemesis means vomiting out blood

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6
Q

describe hematemesis

A

throwing up blood
smell iron or copper

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7
Q

what does the stomach have ? ** hint talking abt acid

A

hydrochloric acid

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8
Q

although hydrochloric acid is good, name why this can be bad

A

when people have problems with stomach ulcers , this is a probelm, this is great when its doing good but it can also bring acid or ulcer from that acid

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9
Q

Pts with GI disorders often have what ?

A

chronic inflammation controlled by medications

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10
Q

chronic inflammation can what ?

A

flare up ( acute exacerbation ) and abscesses can from in the mucosal lining of the GI tract causing infection

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11
Q

if pts stop taking their meds , what could happen?

A

they can have an acute exacerbation of the disease or symptoms

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12
Q

true or false. bowel may be obstructed ( blocked ) which can indicate? ( bonus ) what ?

A

can indicate cancer and yes this is true

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13
Q

Diagnostic tests what are some ?

A

xray
ct
fecal occult blood test
scopes

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14
Q

describe why xray is utilize as a diagnostic test

A

xray - seeing free air on the abdominal xray

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15
Q

what is ct ?

A

fluid collections/pockets of fluid, abscesses

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16
Q

what is fecal occult blood test ?

A

this is non invasive and cheap, could mean that they may have cancer

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17
Q

define is this is a true statement : when a person has a xray of their abdomen, the air that is in the body ( should be inside of their stmach or bowl )

A

yes this is true, what this can show is air is not there ( its acc in the peritoneal cavity ) this is bad - hole in the bowel or stomach got out and just sitting in the cavity

18
Q

describe scopes

A

look internally at the organ/tissues take pics inside of the intestines

19
Q

scopes : in terms of biopsy

A

take a biopsy of that tissues - microscopic analysis - dx

20
Q

endoscopic therpahy - is what ?

A

fix a bleed by embolizing it ( using chemical, heat/electricity/laser.bland/clip )

21
Q

what is the only tool that can take photo and biopsy ?

22
Q

RN actions : assesments - focused GI/abdomen

A

look for pain that is getting worst, or has moved and is now constant

23
Q

in terms of assessment - focused GI abdomen what undergoes this section ( what are we checking )

A

pain to abdomen, or rectum ( intermittent or constant ) location precipating factors

N and V , bloating/abdomen distended, belching, last bm , bowel sounds

24
Q

what are we looking for in terms of BMs

A

frequency, consistency, appearance of stool, melena

25
true or false. ( bowel sounds, ( normal and good) if they do not have bowel sounds could be a couple of reasons need to be told to ef or preceptor ( getting slower or maybe sometjing has happened )
true
26
is it important to know the pt's weight and how it is trending?
yes it is important
27
in terms of nutrition, this is important to know when doing assesments : why ?
if eating may do daily calorie counts
27
true or false. pts emotions is also very important, such as emotional status/coping ( embarrassment, stress, fatigue level )
yes this is true
28
Fluid ( in and out ) balance and electrolyte levels remains to be an importance when it comes to rn actions
yes this is true
29
what are undergoes ng tubes care
prupose rn care- maintain patency, drainage- assessing output mouth care , security of ng taped to skin on nose
30
when it comes to skin care this is also something we should be assessing : why?
we need to know perineal care ( sitx baths ) - rectal area skin skin around ostomy skin around drains ( JP, hemovvac )
31
is it blood , is it green ( mouth care is important too ) when they arent eating or not drinking , their mouth is dead skin usually wet , clorhexidine and brushing their teeth . is this a true statement when it comes to rn actions
yes this is true
32
what are problems that can happen
what are problems that can happen low bp or high hr adhesions infection poor nutritional status bowels/intestine dont work
33
what undergoes low bp and high hr ( recall this is a problem that could occur )
hi output ( ++ diarrhea, bloodloss ) infection - abscesses - septic shock
34
hypovolemic and their heart rate goes up develop infection lower blood pressure and higher heart rate ( hgih fever and high wbc count ) those thing we are looking for. yes or no
yes
35
what undegoes adhesions
pain cause future abd surgeries to be complicated may cause bowel obstruction
36
what undergoes infection
cause: tissue breakdown fever, wbc
37
what undergoes poor nutritional status
* Cause: Anorexia, pain, bowels don't absorb nutrients * low serum Albumin,
38
true or false. bowel/intestine that dont work could be a problem that can happen
abdomen can be distended ( no bowel sounds, cramping abdomen ) this is true, this can happen
39
what are common medication uses when it comes to managing gastric acid secretion
antacid - maalox H2 antagonist ( blocker ) - famotidine gastric mucosal barrier fortier - sulcralate PPi - esomeprazole
40
common medication uses motility bowel
speed it up - dulcolax, metoclopramide slow it down - immodium
41
what is a common medication use for stool softener ? colace