week 7

Question 1

concept reviews : what is resection ?

Answer 1

cutting something out

Question 2

what is anastomosis

Answer 2

surgeon taken two hearts and sew them together

Question 3

what is stoma

Answer 3

seeing intestine of that patient ( where feces comes out )

Question 4

tenessmus

Answer 4

unpleasant and urgent situation sensation to deficate

Question 5

what is melena , occult, blood and hematemesis

Answer 5

these all mean bleeding
this is blood not naked to the eye

hematemesis means vomiting out blood

Question 6

describe hematemesis

Answer 6

throwing up blood
smell iron or copper

Question 7

what does the stomach have ? ** hint talking abt acid

Answer 7

hydrochloric acid

Question 8

although hydrochloric acid is good, name why this can be bad

Answer 8

when people have problems with stomach ulcers , this is a probelm, this is great when its doing good but it can also bring acid or ulcer from that acid

Question 9

Pts with GI disorders often have what ?

Answer 9

chronic inflammation controlled by medications

Question 10

chronic inflammation can what ?

Answer 10

flare up ( acute exacerbation ) and abscesses can from in the mucosal lining of the GI tract causing infection

Question 11

if pts stop taking their meds , what could happen?

Answer 11

they can have an acute exacerbation of the disease or symptoms

Question 12

true or false. bowel may be obstructed ( blocked ) which can indicate? ( bonus ) what ?

Answer 12

can indicate cancer and yes this is true

Question 13

Diagnostic tests what are some ?

Answer 13

xray
ct
fecal occult blood test
scopes

Question 14

describe why xray is utilize as a diagnostic test

Answer 14

xray - seeing free air on the abdominal xray

Question 15

what is ct ?

Answer 15

fluid collections/pockets of fluid, abscesses

Question 16

what is fecal occult blood test ?

Answer 16

this is non invasive and cheap, could mean that they may have cancer

Question 17

define is this is a true statement : when a person has a xray of their abdomen, the air that is in the body ( should be inside of their stmach or bowl )

Answer 17

yes this is true, what this can show is air is not there ( its acc in the peritoneal cavity ) this is bad - hole in the bowel or stomach got out and just sitting in the cavity

Question 18

describe scopes

Answer 18

look internally at the organ/tissues take pics inside of the intestines

Question 19

scopes : in terms of biopsy

Answer 19

take a biopsy of that tissues - microscopic analysis - dx

Question 20

endoscopic therpahy - is what ?

Answer 20

fix a bleed by embolizing it ( using chemical, heat/electricity/laser.bland/clip )

Question 21

what is the only tool that can take photo and biopsy ?

Answer 21

scope

Question 22

RN actions : assesments - focused GI/abdomen

Answer 22

look for pain that is getting worst, or has moved and is now constant

Question 23

in terms of assessment - focused GI abdomen what undergoes this section ( what are we checking )

Answer 23

pain to abdomen, or rectum ( intermittent or constant ) location precipating factors

N and V , bloating/abdomen distended, belching, last bm , bowel sounds

Question 24

what are we looking for in terms of BMs

Answer 24

frequency, consistency, appearance of stool, melena

Question 25

true or false. ( bowel sounds, ( normal and good) if they do not have bowel sounds could be a couple of reasons
need to be told to ef or preceptor ( getting slower or maybe sometjing has happened )

Answer 25

true

Question 26

is it important to know the pt’s weight and how it is trending?

Answer 26

yes it is important

Question 27

in terms of nutrition, this is important to know when doing assesments : why ?

Answer 27

if eating may do daily calorie counts

Question 27

true or false. pts emotions is also very important, such as emotional status/coping ( embarrassment, stress, fatigue level )

Answer 27

yes this is true

Question 28

Fluid ( in and out ) balance and electrolyte levels remains to be an importance when it comes to rn actions

Answer 28

yes this is true

Question 29

what are undergoes ng tubes care

Answer 29

prupose
rn care- maintain patency, drainage- assessing output
mouth care , security of ng taped to skin on nose

Question 30

when it comes to skin care this is also something we should be assessing : why?

Answer 30

we need to know perineal care ( sitx baths ) - rectal area skin
skin around ostomy
skin around drains ( JP, hemovvac )

Question 31

is it blood , is it green ( mouth care is important too ) when they arent eating or not drinking , their mouth is dead skin
usually wet , clorhexidine and brushing their teeth . is this a true statement when it comes to rn actions

Answer 31

yes this is true

Question 32

what are problems that can happen

Answer 32

what are problems that can happen
low bp or high hr
adhesions
infection
poor nutritional status
bowels/intestine dont work

Question 33

what undergoes low bp and high hr ( recall this is a problem that could occur )

Answer 33

hi output ( ++ diarrhea, bloodloss )
infection - abscesses - septic shock

Question 34

hypovolemic and their heart rate goes up
develop infection
lower blood pressure and higher heart rate ( hgih fever and high wbc count ) those thing we are looking for. yes or no

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

what undegoes adhesions

Answer 35

pain
cause future abd surgeries to be complicated
may cause bowel obstruction

Question 36

what undergoes infection

Answer 36

cause: tissue breakdown
fever, wbc

Question 37

what undergoes poor nutritional status

Answer 37

• Cause: Anorexia, pain, bowels don’t absorb nutrients * low serum Albumin,

Question 38

true or false. bowel/intestine that dont work could be a problem that can happen

Answer 38

abdomen can be distended ( no bowel sounds, cramping abdomen ) this is true, this can happen

Question 39

what are common medication uses when it comes to managing gastric acid secretion

Answer 39

antacid - maalox
H2 antagonist ( blocker ) - famotidine
gastric mucosal barrier fortier - sulcralate
PPi - esomeprazole

Question 40

common medication uses motility bowel

Answer 40

speed it up - dulcolax, metoclopramide
slow it down - immodium

Question 41

what is a common medication use for stool softener ?
colace