week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

name some indications for ventilation

A

respiratory failure
post-operative
head injuries
polytrauma
spinal injury
airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 3 most common indications for mechanical ventilation

A

inadequate oxygenation
inadequate ventilation
inability to protect the airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 3 types of intubation

A

endotracheal tubes
tracheostomy
nasal endotracheal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are some of the complications with ventilation

A

CVS instability
barotrauma
V/Q mismatch
discomfort
excess secretions/infection
complications of high O2
gut and bowel dysfunction
weakened respiratory muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two types of ventilation

A

pressure controlled
volume controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is pressure controlled ventilation

A

the gas will be delivered and cause inspiration until a certain pre-set pressure is reached and then expiration is allowed to happen passively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is volume controlled ventilation

A

a pre set volume of gas is delivered during inspiration and once it has all been delivered expiration is allowed to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is PEEP

A

positive end expiratory pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the primary role of physiotherapy on critical care

A

maintenance and improvement of cardiorespiratory status
maintenance of musculoskeletal function
optimisation of neurological status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the extended role of a physiotherapist on critical care

A

weaning/liberating patients from ventilation
extubating/decannulation
troubleshooting mechanical ventilation problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how can we increase lung volumes

A

positioning
mobilisation
breathing exercises
incentive spirometry
IPPB
clearways/cough assist
neurophysiological facilitation
CPAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is PEEP

A

pressure maintained in the alveoli at the end of expiration to prevent alveolar and airway collapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does CPAP stand for?

A

continuous positive airway pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does CPAP do

A

provides positive pressure but with no mandatory breaths so the patient has to breathe spontaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does CPAP improve gas exchange

A

it increases functional residual capacity by splinting open alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is PEEP required for

A

to hold the alveoli open at the end of expiration otherwise they would collapse

17
Q

name some techniques to increase lung volume in critical care

A

positioning
neurophysiological facilitation
manual hyperinflation
ventilator hyperinflation