Week 7 Flashcards
Innocent III’s Quia maior
Early 13th Century, is a statement of Innocent’s idea of crusading and a directive concerning the indulgence and other related matters. It exceeded its immediate function of initiating a crusade, it was composed specifically with a view to aiding crusade preachers.
The Crusader as Christ’s vassal according to Innocent III
Early 13th Century. Every Christian is a vassal of Christ, as his life is a gift from Christ, so whoever fails to fulfil his responsibility to help the exiled king deserves condemnation and torture.
Paris moral theologians and preaching
These were a school of moral theologians who stressed practical theology over speculative and who sought to make the teachings of the schools accessible and comprehensible to the diocesan clergy. The Paris master was expected to lecture, dispute and preach.
Christ’s wounds in crusade preaching
: The symbolism of Christ’s hands extended upon the cross signifies the good works which men should perform either in the active life. The nails in his feet signifies the love of God. The author uses this symbolism and explains that crusade is an integral part of the economy of salvation, as his death saved sinful men so Crusade provides an opportunity for spiritual cleansing.
The Crusade preaching manual
Written by Robert of Courcon. It appeared during the papacy of Pope Innocent. It was created as Innocent relied specifically upon appointed preachers whose commissions were not restricted to diocese. Written to show that Holy War is given by the authorisation from God and their goal is to reconquer the Holy Land. To legitimatise Holy War
Oliver of Paderborn’s preaching
: Occurred in 1200, his preaching attracted Pope Innocent’s attention. He instituted special religious processions, arranged for collections. He also tried to restrain those preachers who brought the religious side into disrepute by granting excessive remissions for sin
Jacques de Vitry on the Crusade Preacher
He tries to anger Christians into action by calling out the degradation being suffered by Jerusalem and Christians at the hands of Saracens. The crusade preacher acts in God’s direct command and is a mediator between God and the people. They have a uniquely apocalyptic character.
John of Abeville’s explanation for Jerusalem’s captivity
Early 13th Century. He gives his explanation through sermons. He argues that the fault of Jerusalem’s captivity does not lie with God but it lies with the people, he claims they have forgotten their faith and only once they cry for Jerusalem’s return will God help them. Christian have angered God with their sins so he does not wish to help
Frederick II’ pact with the Sultan
He co-signed the Treaty of Jaffa in February 1229 with the Egyptian Sultan, al-Kamil. This stated that the Holy Sepulcher was returned to Christian authority and the troubles between the two religions would stop. After this Frederick placed it on his head, Pope Gregory saw this as disrespectful.
Rachel Suum Videns:
: This was issued by Pope Gregory in 1234 which proclaimed a crusade to aid the Holy Land. It begins with a lament over the Holy Land and calls out the pollution of places which were sanctified by Christ’s life on earth.
“Arise, Arise, great city of Prague
This was an Early Hussite hymn which was basically a folk song that preserved the folk traditions of the Czechs. It was a revolutionary song. It draws upon an historical and theoretical concept of the city of Jerusalem, and on the familiar theme of social grievance. It focused attention on the anti-clerical mood and it legitimated the Hussite cause against the excesses of the Church
“If anyone has heard from the first”
This hymn combined the complaints of Czech subordination and ecclesiastical excesses. It illustrates that the Roman paradigm is subverted and the Hussites are offered as an alternative, and the cause of the common people is held out in the Hussite premise.
Crusade and the Liturgy of the Eucharist
13th Century. This is a part of the Quia Major and is a second directive which was meant to broaden emotional sense of crusade preaching. During the liturgy the congregation would prostrate themselves with the words of God
