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Positive Psychology > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

the “feeling” of an emotion

Physiological response
Subjective experience
Thought-Action Tendency
Behavioural response

A

Subjective experience: the “feeling” of an emotion

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2
Q

accompanied by changes in heart rate, breathing, blood flow, etc (biological changes)

Physiological response
Subjective experience
Thought-Action Tendency
Behavioural response

A

Physiological response: accompanied by changes in heart rate, breathing, blood flow, etc (biological changes)

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3
Q

expression of emotion (how the emotion coming out)

Physiological response
Subjective experience
Thought-Action Tendency
Behavioural response

A

Behavioural response: expression of emotion (how the emotion coming out)

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4
Q

emotions prepare us for action (emotion serve a function)

Physiological response
Subjective experience
Thought-Action Tendency
Behavioural response

A

Thought-Action Tendency: emotions prepare us for action (emotion serve a function)
e.g., In response to fear, the specific action tendency is the urge to escape

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5
Q

Mood …. Emotions

differs from
is the same

A

Mood differs from Emotions

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6
Q

…. is more of a persistent state that lasts for a period (e.g., a week, a month).

…. are more discrete, in relation to a specific event/stimulus and they are temporary.

Mood
Emotions

A

• Mood is more of a persistent state that lasts for a period (e.g., a week, a month).

Whereas emotions are more discrete, in relation to a specific event/stimulus and they are temporary

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7
Q

True of false

it is possible to display extreme happiness and anger at the same time

A

False

Combinations of positive and negative emotions are very possible, BUT it is not really possible to experience an intense negative and positive emotions simultaneously.

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8
Q

Positive emotions can undo the effects of negative emotions

Thought-Action Tendency
Positive Affect
Broaden & Build Theory
Un-doing Hypothesis

A

positive emotions can undo the effects of negative emotions - Un-doing Hypothesis

Watch a fear-inducing video, then watch a….

Neutral video = 40 sec recovery
Sad video = 60 sec recovery
Amusing video = 20 sec recovery (elicit positive emotions, fastest recovery)
○ +ve emotion after watching fear-inducing video leads to faster cardiovascular recovery

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9
Q

+ve emotions help preserve organism by providing non-specific action tendencies (opens up thinking to new possibilities) that can lead to new adaptive behaviour

Enables a build up of resources (physical, psychological and social) that promotes well-being.

  • Thought-Action Tendency
  • Positive Affect
  • Broaden & Build Theory
  • Un-doing Hypothesis
A

Broaden & Build Theory

+ve emotions help preserve organism by providing non-specific action tendencies (opens up thinking to new possibilities) that can lead to new adaptive behaviour

Enables a build up of resources (physical, psychological and social) that promotes well-being.

In contrast, Negative emotions narrow our thoughts to a limited set of actions in a given situation. We get tunnel visions. Harder to think of all the options, or think in a free, creative way

Thus +emotions broaden your thoughts, actions, and relationships and this in turn builds better health and more positive emotions!
It is a cycle

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10
Q

The broaden and build theory focuses on specific … rather than mood

positive emotions 
sensory pleasures (hedonic)
A

It focuses on specific positive emotions rather than mood.

• Differentiates positive emotions from sensory pleasures (e.g., sexual gratification or the satisfaction of hunger).

Sensory pleasures are largely automatic responses to physiological needs being met. (does not focus on this)

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11
Q

Positive emotions leads to positive health outcomes

  • Thought-Action Tendency
  • Positive Affect
  • Broaden & Build Theory
  • Un-doing Hypothesis
A
  • Broaden & Build Theory: Positive emotions (broaden) leads to positive health outcomes (build)

Positive emotions predict:
- improved life satisfaction

  • ability to find benefit in adversity
  • increases in relational resources
  • Increased self-efficacy beliefs
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12
Q

our interpretation of the past, present, future circumstances resulting in emotions

  • Appraisal
  • Thought-Action tendency
  • Resources Accrued
A

Appraisal

e.g. joy: safe, familiar, unexpectedly good

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13
Q

What we tend to get out of experiencing the emotion, thoughts, and actions associated with the emotion

  • Appraisal
  • Thought-Action tendency
  • Resources Accrued
A

Resources Accrued

e.g. joy: Skills gained via experiential learning

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14
Q

What we tend to think and do when we feel certain emotions

  • Appraisal
  • Thought-Action tendency
  • Resources Accrued
A

Thought-Action tendency

e.g. joy; Play, get involved

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15
Q

involves behaviours which are focused on altering, reducing or eliminating the source of the stress (taking action, seeking support to solve the problem).

Problem focused coping
Emotion focused coping
Proactive coping

A

Problem focused coping - involves behaviours which are focused on altering, reducing or eliminating the source of the stress (taking action, seeking support to solve the problem).

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16
Q

attempt to change, reduce or modulate one’s own emotional response to the stressful situation. (e.g., avoidance…reappraisal)

Proactive coping
Problem focused coping
Emotion focused coping

A

Emotion focused coping
attempt to change, reduce or modulate one’s own emotional response to the stressful situation. (e.g., avoidance…reappraisal)

Rather then stop or get rid of the stressful situation, we are altering the emotional response to it

Reappraisal is an adaptive example of EFC, which is “reframing the problem/changing the implicit meaning or interpretation as a pathway to modulating levels of negative affect and increasing positive affect.”

17
Q

efforts to prevent the stressful event from happening in the first place.

Proactive coping
Problem focused coping
Emotion focused coping

A

Proactive coping - efforts to prevent the stressful event from happening in the first place.

18
Q

Social support from others reduces the potentially debilitating effects of stress.

The Buffering Hypothesis
Flourishing
Resources Accrued
Broaden & Build Theory

A

The Buffering Hypothesis

Social support from others reduces the potentially debilitating effects of stress.

Buffering Effect – by sharing our own burden with others, our burden becomes a lot lighter (stress-induced suppression of immune system may decrease).

19
Q

ADuchenne smileinvolves both the zygomatic major muscle and orbicularis oculi

A non-Duchenne smileinvolves only the …. - a polite smile

  • zygomatic major muscle
  • orbicularis oculi
A

A non-Duchenne smileinvolves only the zygomatic major muscle - a polite smile

Zygomatic major muscle raises the corners of your mouth
Orbicularis oculi raises the cheeks

20
Q

… and … have a reciprocal relationship - they both influence each other

Flourishing 
Positive emotions
Mindfullness 
Optimism 
Hope
A

Flourishing and Mindfulness have a reciprocal relationship - they both influence each other

People who flourish stand apart from their non-flourishing peers in the magnitude of the +ve emotional boost they get out of everyday pleasant events
helping others, interacting, playing, learning, and spiritual activity.

21
Q

According to the ‘Losada’ ratio
To flourish there should be a … ratio of positive to negative emotions

1: 4
2: 1
3: 1
4: 1

A

To flourish there should be 3:1 ratio of positive to negative emotions
3 positive emotions to one negative emotion

22
Q

…. can increase self-esteem

…. can motivate & inspire

Downward social comparison
Upward social comparisons

A

Downward social comparison can increase self-esteem

Upward social comparisons can motivate & inspire
As well as lead to inferiority & distress

Happier people use own internal standards to judge themselves, take pleasure on others’ success & are concerned for others’ failure (Lyuobomirksy)
They judge themselves based on who they were yesterday

23
Q

… = opposite effect of Broaden-&-Build

Negative affect
Rumination
Pessimism
Self-criticism

A

Rumination = opposite effect of Broaden-&-Build

Positive Psychology (8 decks)

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