Week 6.1 Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
what is cerebral palsy
if it a permanent disorder of movement and posture, which leads to activity limitations
what is CP attributed to
non-progressive disturbances in the developing infant or fetal brain, like infection, ischemic events, traumatic events, hypoxic, genetic
how is CP diagnosed
- when they do not reach early motor milestones
- exhibit abnormal muscle tone
- difference in movement patterns.
what kinds of things do you look for when trying to diagnose CP
primitive reflexes
motor milestones
postural reflexes
involuntary movements
in what two ways are CP classified
impaired area of the body and the movement impairment/abnormality
monoplegia
1 limb
diplegia
4 limbs, the legs more than the arms
hemiplegia
1/2 the body
quadriplegia
all 4 limbs
what are the 4 categories of movement abnormalities
spastic (motor cortex or white matter projections)
dyskinetic/athetoid (BG)
ataxic (cerebellum)
hypotonia (not one area)
what does dyskinetic or athetoid movement look like
fluctuating tone, and writhing movements. Maybe low tone in the trunk, and high tone in the arms
what is the most common form of CP
spastic diplegia
what is the GMFC
gross motor function classification, which is 5 levels, based on age groups, and their ability to perform tasks. Like walking, sitting and wheelchair things
for what age is the GMFC high reliable or valid
preschool age or older
what is the difference between level 1-2 and levels 3-4-5
1-2: you have a quick increase in function in the first few years, then it plateaus and maintains
3-4-5: plateau and then you have a decrease in GMFM scores.
between what ages do kids reach potential
3 and 6
when do they plateau
around age 5
what are 5 things about body function and structure
- muscle tone and extensibility
- muscle strength
- skeletal structure
- selective control, postural control and motor learning
- pain
how is muscle tone and extensibility affected in CP
increased or decreased, will increase to age 4 then decrease to age 12
how is muscle strength affected in CP
decreased, and you don’t generate normal forces, because the muscles don’t keep up with bone growth, so you have imbalances.
expand on skeletal structure
there are abnormalities, like scoliosis, hip dislocation and subluxations, and decreased physics for movement
what is selective control, postural control and motor learning in CP
can’t selectively control, can’t learn new movements and don’t have opportunities to practice
how do you intervene with infant CP
- education the family on what to expect, handling and positioning, equip them with postures, sitting, standing
- facilitate optimal sensorimotor development
how do you intervene with preschool CP
- prevent secondary impairments like spasticity management, orthotics and weight bearing.
- promote self care and play and social skills
- optimize gross motor skills
- promote mobility (ambulation or preparatory skills, like with a posterior walker) or with a w/c if non-ambulatory or a John deer
