Week 6.1 Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

what is cerebral palsy

Answer 1

if it a permanent disorder of movement and posture, which leads to activity limitations

Question 2

what is CP attributed to

Answer 2

non-progressive disturbances in the developing infant or fetal brain, like infection, ischemic events, traumatic events, hypoxic, genetic

Question 3

how is CP diagnosed

Answer 3

• when they do not reach early motor milestones
• exhibit abnormal muscle tone
• difference in movement patterns.

Question 4

what kinds of things do you look for when trying to diagnose CP

Answer 4

primitive reflexes
motor milestones
postural reflexes
involuntary movements

Question 5

in what two ways are CP classified

Answer 5

impaired area of the body and the movement impairment/abnormality

Question 6

monoplegia

Answer 6

1 limb

Question 7

diplegia

Answer 7

4 limbs, the legs more than the arms

Question 8

hemiplegia

Answer 8

1/2 the body

Question 9

quadriplegia

Answer 9

all 4 limbs

Question 10

what are the 4 categories of movement abnormalities

Answer 10

spastic (motor cortex or white matter projections)
dyskinetic/athetoid (BG)
ataxic (cerebellum)
hypotonia (not one area)

Question 11

what does dyskinetic or athetoid movement look like

Answer 11

fluctuating tone, and writhing movements. Maybe low tone in the trunk, and high tone in the arms

Question 12

what is the most common form of CP

Answer 12

spastic diplegia

Question 13

what is the GMFC

Answer 13

gross motor function classification, which is 5 levels, based on age groups, and their ability to perform tasks. Like walking, sitting and wheelchair things

Question 14

for what age is the GMFC high reliable or valid

Answer 14

preschool age or older

Question 15

what is the difference between level 1-2 and levels 3-4-5

Answer 15

1-2: you have a quick increase in function in the first few years, then it plateaus and maintains
3-4-5: plateau and then you have a decrease in GMFM scores.

Question 16

between what ages do kids reach potential

Answer 16

3 and 6

Question 17

when do they plateau

Answer 17

around age 5

Question 18

what are 5 things about body function and structure

Answer 18

• muscle tone and extensibility
• muscle strength
• skeletal structure
• selective control, postural control and motor learning
• pain

Question 19

how is muscle tone and extensibility affected in CP

Answer 19

increased or decreased, will increase to age 4 then decrease to age 12

Question 20

how is muscle strength affected in CP

Answer 20

decreased, and you don’t generate normal forces, because the muscles don’t keep up with bone growth, so you have imbalances.

Question 21

expand on skeletal structure

Answer 21

there are abnormalities, like scoliosis, hip dislocation and subluxations, and decreased physics for movement

Question 22

what is selective control, postural control and motor learning in CP

Answer 22

can’t selectively control, can’t learn new movements and don’t have opportunities to practice

Question 23

how do you intervene with infant CP

Answer 23

• education the family on what to expect, handling and positioning, equip them with postures, sitting, standing
• facilitate optimal sensorimotor development

Question 24

how do you intervene with preschool CP

Answer 24

• prevent secondary impairments like spasticity management, orthotics and weight bearing.
• promote self care and play and social skills
• optimize gross motor skills
• promote mobility (ambulation or preparatory skills, like with a posterior walker) or with a w/c if non-ambulatory or a John deer

Question 25

what does a posterior walker do

Answer 25

upright posture and decreases energy expenditure

Question 26

how do you intervene with school aged CP

Answer 26

• maintain the level of activity they they have because they usually have all they will have my them.
• prevent deterioration
• promote participation in school aged activities
• transition planning